kisano ki halat mein kya sudhar aya batlaen shivraj

                  **fdlkuks dh gkyr esa D;k lq/kkj vk;k cryk,s f”kojkt**

                                                               &MkW0 lquhye~

      eq[;ea=h f”kojktflag pkSgku dk 5 o’kZ dk dk;Zdky iwjk gks jgk gS bl dk;Zdky dk fo”ys’k.k rks gksxk gh fo”ks’k rkSj ij eq[;ea=h us tks egkiapk;rs dh mu egkiapk;rks esa dh xbZ ?kks’k.kkvks dk fo”ys’kdks dh iSuh utj gSA eq>s ;kn gS tc igys fnu f”kojkt eq[;ea=h cudj fo/kkulHkk esa vk, Fks rFkk eSaus muls iwNk Fkk fd vki fdrus vkSj fdlkuks dks tsy fHktok,sxsa rc mUgksaus dgka Fkk fd eSa fdlku dk csVk gw esjs jkt esa dksbZ fdlku tsy esa ughs tk,sxk rFkk eSa [ksrh dks ?kkVs dk /kU/kk ugha jgus nwaxkA [ksrh dks ykHkdkjh cukmaxkA igys fnu ls ysdj vc rd eq[;ea=h vius bl Mk;yksx dks nksgjkrs jgs bl chp Ms<+ ls vf/kd fdlku tsy Hkst fn, izns”k esa 4 fdlku vkSlru izfrfnu vkRegR;k dj jgs gSA ysfdu eq[;ea=h dh Hkk’k.kckth tkjh gSA

       izns”k esa NksVs cM+s dksbZ Hkh fdlku fiNys 5 lky ds vuqHko ds vk/kkj ij ;g dgus dh fLFkfr esa ugha gS fd fdlkuh ?kkVs dk /ka/kk vc ugha jgk gSA cht le; ij ugha feyuk vPNs fdLe dk cht egaxs nkeksa ij feyuk] cht ds [kjkc gksus ij fdlkuks dks dksbZ eqvkotk ugha fn;k tkukA blh rjg le; ij [kkn rFkk lgh fdLe dk [kkn ugha feyuk vljdkjh [kkn u gksus dh f”kdk;r gksus ds ckotwn [kkn fodzsrkvksa ij dk;Zokgh u fd;k tkukA cgqr eagxs nkeks ij fuEu fdLe dk dhVuk”kd miyC/k gksuk] fdlkuks dh t:jr ds vuqlkj d`f’k foHkkx }kjk dhVuk”kkd miyC/k ugha djk;k tkuk] izns”k ds 75 izfr”kr fdlkuks dk cjlkr rFkk ekSale ij fuHkZj gksuk] dqN ,sls dkj.k gSa ftuesa 5 lkyks esa dksbZ cnyko fn[kykbZ ugha iM+rkA

       lks;kchu vkSj xasgw dh [kjhn ds le;] [kjhn djus okyh ,tsfla;ks ds ikl ckjnkus rd ugha fey ikrsA fdlku mRiknu rks dj ysrs gS ysfdu e.Mh esa cspus ds fy, mUgsa dbZ fnu rd e.Mh esa Vªkyh ysdj iM+k jguk iM+rk gSA ftldk eq[; dkj.k ckjnkus dk VksVk jgrk gSA vf/kdrj eafM;ks esa d`f’k eaMh v/;{kks] eaMh foHkkx rFkk O;kikfj;ks dh feyhHkxr ds pyrs fdlkuks dks lgh jsV ugh fey ikrkA dkxtks ij bysDVªkfud dkaVs lHkh eaMh;ks esa yxk, tk pqds gS ysfdu 80 izfr”kr  bysDVªkfud dkVs ;k rks can iM+s gS ;k xyr rkSy jgs gSA eq[;ea=h] O;kikfj;ks ds lkFk eaMh vf/kdkfj;ks dh lkaBxkaB Hkh [kRe ugh djk lds gSA fdlkuks ls eaMh “kqYd olwy fd;k tkrk gS ml jkf”k dks fdlkuks ds fy, xkao ls eaMh rd dh lM+ds cukus dh ctk; ljdkj “kqYd ls bdV~Bs gqbZ jkf”k dks nqljs enks esa [kpZ djrh gSA

       fdlkuh dh ykxr esa lcls vf/kd jkf”k] fdlku dks fctyh ds fcy ds Hkqxrku ij [kpZ djrh gSA fdlkuks dks vkt Hkh flapkbZ ds le; 6 ?kaVs & 8 ?kaVs Hkh yxkrkj 3 Qst fctyh fcuk Vsªi gq, fctyh ugha nh tk jgh gSA oksYVst ds yxkrkj mrkj p<+ko ds eksVjks ds tyus ls gksus okys uqdlku dh HkjikbZ fo|qr e.My ls ljdkj djkus dks rS;kj ugh gSA fdlkuks ls vLFkkbZ dusD”ku ds uke ij LFkkbZ dusD”ku ds rqyuk esa yxHkx 3 xquk iSlk olwyk tk jgk gSA vc rd fdlkuks dks ikuh dh miyC/krk ds vk/kkj ij vko”;drkuqlkj 1&3 dk vLFkkbZ dusD”ku fn;k tkrk FkkA ysfdu vc 3 gklZ ikWoj ls de rFkk 3 eghus ls de dk dusD”ku izns”k esa ugha fn;k tk jgk gSA VªkUlQkeZj ty tkus rFkk vfrfjDr VªkUlQkeZj dh ekax gksus ij fdlkuks ls gh VªkUlQkeZj yxkus dh jkf”k olwy dh tk jgh gSA fctyh ds [kEHks dk izfr [kEck X;kjg gWtkj :Ik;k fdlkuks ls olwy fd;k tk jgk gS cfYd cktkj esa ogh [kEck <+kbZ gtkj esa miyC/k gSA fctyh ds lkFk lkFk fdlkuks dh ykxr dk cM+k [kpZ VsªDVj ds Mhty esa [kpZ gksrk gS izns”k ljdkj }kjk fdlkuks dh de nkeksa ij Mhty u miyC/k u djk;s tkus ds pyrs yxkrkj Mhty nkeksa esa gksus okyh o`)h esa Hkh fdlkuks dks ?kkVs esasa cuk, j[kus esa cM+k ;ksxnku fd;k gSA vFkkZr fdlkuh dh ykxr fiNys 5 lky esa c<+h rFkk egxkabZ ds vuqikr esa jkT; ljdkj cksul nsus dks rS;kj ugha gSA xasgw dk 1500 fDaoVy] lks;kchu dk 2500 :Ik;s fDaoVy] xUus dk 325 :Ik;s fDaoVy ;fn leFkZu ewY; fdlkuks dks fn;k x;k gksrk rc eq[;ea=h ;g dgus dh fLFkfr esa gks ldrs Fks fd fdlkuh dks ?kkVs esa tkus ls jksdus ds fy, dksbZ dne mBk;s x;s gSA ;fn fdlkuks dh fLFkfr esa dksbZ varj vk;k gksrk rks jkstuk 4 fdlku e0iz0 esa vkRegR;k ugha dj jgs gksrsA izns”k ds dtZnkj fdlkuks dh la[;k 32]1100 gSA ftu ij vkSlru 14]218 :Ik;s dk dtkZ gSA fdlkuks ij tks dtkZ gS og 50 izfr”kr ls vf/kd xSj laLFkkxr gSS vFkkZr lkgqdkjks ls fy;k x;k gSA ysfdu ljdkj us lkgqdkjks ij udsy dlus dk dksbZ bartke ugha fd;k gSa ;fn lkgqdkjks dh lwaph rS;kj dj muls oSls gh “kiFk i= cuok, x;s gksrs tSls xjhcks ls cuok, x, gS muds uke dkVus ds fy, rc lkgqdkjks dh dybZ Hkh [kqyrh rFkk fu;e ls vf/kd C;kt ysus okys lkgqdkjks dh fdlkuks ls “kiFk i= ysdj igpku dh tk ldrh Fkh rFkk ljdkj }kjk fdlkuks dks lkgqdkjks ls _.keqDr djkus ds fy, Bksl iz;kl fd, tk ldrs FksA bl rjg eq[;ea=h ;fn vius “kkldh; veys ds lkFk [kqys eap ij bl eqn~ns ij [kqyh cgl ds fy, gks tkrs rks os ;g lkfcr djus esa iwjh rjg vlQy jgsaxs dh mUgksaus [ksrh dks ykHkdkjh cukus esa dksbZ Bksl dk;Z fd;k gSA

       fdlku lcls T;knk izkd`frd vkink ds pyrs ekj [kkrk gSA gj eq[;ea=h ds rjg f”kojktflag pkSagku ds dk;Zdky esa e0iz0 ds 50 ftyks esa de ls de 20 ftys vkSlru lw[ks ls izHkkfor jgs gSA dgha lq[kk iM+s dghs vfro`f’V]jkTkLo vkpkj lafgrk 6¼4½ dh fdrkc ds izko/ku fdlkuks ds fy, mB ds eqag esa thjk lkfcr gksrs gSA fdlku tks ykxr yxrk gS ykxr yxkus ds fy, dtkZ ysrk gS mldk C;kt rd ugh fudky ikrk gSA ljdkj ds vkdM+s ;g crykrs gS fd izns”k esa 48-4 vkcknh xjhch js[kk ls uhps xqtj clj dj jgh gS rFkk e0iz0 ds 15 fiNM+s ftyks ds jgokfl;ks dh vk; 15 gTkkj vkSlru gSA rc ;g le>k tk ldrk gS fd [ksrh ij fuHkZj jgus okys fdlku dh Qly [kjkc gksus dk eryc lh/ks mlds isV ij ykr iM+us ds cjkcj gSaA ysfdu jktLo vkapkj lafgrk ds izko/kkuks ds vuqlkj U;wure thfodksiktZu ds fy, Hkh fdlku dh O;oLFkk ljdkj djus dks rS;kj ugh gSA

       Qly chek dh ppkZ vc yxHkx can gks pqdh gS ysfdu yEcs vlZs rd eq[;ea=h Qly chek fdlkuks dks miyC/k djkus dk nkok djrs jgsA ;gkW rd dgka x;k fd vkSlr ls de mRiknu vkus ij Hkh Qly chek dh dEiuh ls eqvkotk fnyk;k tk,sxk ysfdu ftu ftyks esa fdlkuks dh Qlys [kjkc gqbZ gSA ¼mRiknu de dh ckr vxj NksM+ Hkh ns½ ogkW fdlkuks Qly chek ds iSlk dk Hkqxrku dsoy blfy, ugh gks ikrk fd utfj;k loZs] dzk¶V dfVax loZs dh vukojh jiV] d`f’k foHkkx lgdkjh lfef;ks ds ek/;e ls chek dEifu;kas dzs ikl le; ls ugh igqapkrkA eq[;ea=h us dHkh Hkh blesa :fp ysdj fdlkuks dks ykHk fnykus dh dksf”k”k ugh dh gSA ns”k ds dbZ jkT;ks esa fdlkuks ds fy, nq?kZVuk chek rFkk fdlku isa”ku ;kstuk ykxw dh xbZA ,slh dksbZ ;kstuk Hkh eq[;ea=h }kjk e0iz0 esa ykxw ugha dh tk ldh gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd ckj ckj fdlku dk csVk gksus dk nkok djus ds ckotwn xr 5 o’kkZs esa eq[;ea=h f”kojktflag pkSgku fdlkuks dh gkyr esa dksbZ vkewypwy ifjorZu ykus esa ukdke;kc jgs gSA

       vkbZ,s 5 o’kkZs dh fLFkfr dk ewY;kadu djus ds fy, dqN vkdM+ks dh rqyuk dh tk,A fdlkuks dks 5 o’kZ igys Mh,ih [kkn~ 366 :Ik;s izfr cksjh feyrh Fkh ftldh dher c<+dj 527-46 gks xbZ gSA ;wfj;k 120 :Ik;s Fkh vc 281-46 esa fey jgh gSA lqijQkLQsV 75 :Ik;s Fkh] tks vc 169-70 esa fey jgh gSA bl le; tc [kkn dh t:jr gSA rc lkslk;Vh esa [kkn miyC/k ugh gS rFkk izns”k esa ;wfj;k 350 :Ik;s cksjh nqdkuks ij fcd jgk gSA Mhty 31 yhVj feyk djrk Fkk ftldk nke c<+dj 42 izfr yhVj gks x;k gSA fdlkuks dks igys LFkkbZ dusD”ku fn, tkrs FksA ehVj ds lkFk 32 :Ik;s lqj{kk fu/kh yh tkrh Fkh vc og uhf/k 300 :Ik;s gks xbZ gSA igys LFkk;h dusD”ku ds lkFk 4 iksy fu”kqYd fn, tkrs Fks vc fdlku ls 16 gtkj :Ik;s izfr iksy olwyk tk jgk gSA

       tu forj.k iz.kkyh vke yksxks ds fy, [kklk egRo j[krh gS 5 lky igys izns”k ds lHkh dkMZ/kkfj;ks dks ,ih,y esa Hkh pkoy fn;k tkrk Fkk tks xr 3 lky ls can gSA lHkh dkMZ/kkfj;ks dks 5 fdyks “kDdj nh tkrh Fkh tks vc dsoy chih,y ifjokjks dks 2 fdyks izfrekg nh tk jgh gSA 5 o’kZ igys izfrdkMZ 5 yhVj dsjkslhu dk rsy 9 :Ik;s ds jsV ij fn;k tkrk FkkA vc rsy 3 yhVj fn;k tk jgk gSA og Hkh 13-44 jsV ijA ,ih,y dks igys 20 fdyks xasgw fn;k tkrk Fkk vktdy 10 fdyks fn;k tkrk gSA 5 o’kZ igys chih,y dks 35 fdyks vukt fn;k tkrk Fkk vktdy 20 fdyks fn;k tk jgk gSA chp esa eq[;ea=h egksn; us lgdkjh lfefr;ks dks can dj nqdkus futh {ks= esa nsus dh igy dh Fkh ysfdu rh[kh izfrfdz;k ds pyrs ;g lEHko ugh gks ldkA izns”kHkj esa fodzsrk 18 o’kZ ls nqdkuks esa lSYlesu ds rkSj ij dk;Z dj jgs gSa mudk fu;fefrdj.k eq[;ea=h us 5 lkyks esa vc rd ugha fd;k gSaA tuforj.k iz.kkyh esa vfu;ferrkvks dks jksdus ds fy, fo/kkulHkk esa esjh igy ij izns”k esa fuxjkuh lfefr;kW cukus dk QSlyk gqvk FkkA desVh rks cuh gS ysfdu mudh dHkh ehfVax ugha gksrh rFkk vkerkSj ij tSls xzkelHkk dh cSBd ij gLrk{kj] ljiap xkao esa jftLVj ?kjks ij Hkstdj djk ysrs gSA mlh izfdz;k esa vktdy fuxjkuh lfefr ds lnL;ks ls Hkh gLrk{kj djk fy, tkrs gSA

       lkslk;Vh ds ek/;e ls tks dsjkslhu fn;k tkrk gS mlesa Hkz’Vkpkj] cnLrwj tkjh gSA 200 yhVj ds Mªe ij 10 yhVj dkVdj fodzsrkvksa dks fn;k tkrk gS 300 :Ik;s izfr nqdku rFkk ,d lgdkjh lfefr ls 2000 :Ik;s bl rjg vkSlru ,d rglhy ls yxHkx Ms<+ yk[k dh olwyh dh tkrh gSA izns”k esa dqy 341 rglhys gS vf/kdkjh crkrs gS fd iwjs izns”k ls iSlk bdV~Bk dj Hkksiky igqapk;k tkrk gSA ;kuh 5 djksM+ :Ik;s izfrekg dsoy fodzsrkvksa ds ek/;e ls Hkksiky igqaprk gSA

       izns”k esa 5 lky igys vkjVhvks csfj;j ij izfrekg ,d xkM+h ls 1500 :Ik;s olwyk tkrk Fkk rc ;g jkf”k 2300 :Ik;s izfrokgu gks xbZ gSA 800 :Ik;s ,aVªh ds rFkk 1500 :Ik;s pkyku dsA izns”k ls fudyus okys gj Vªd dks izos”k djrs le; rFkk izns”k ls ckgj tkrs le; ;kuh dsoy vkjVhvks csfj;j ij 4600 :Ik;s nsuk iM+rk gSA ;g jkf”k izfrfnu djksM+ks esa igqaprh gS ftls Hkksiky igqapk;k tkrk gSA iwjs izns”k esa gj foHkkx esa Hkz’Vkpkj dh Ja[kyk cuh gbZ mlls dksbZ Hkh foHkkx vNwrk ugha gSA i<+us okyks dks tkudj vk”p;Z gksxk fd vkaxuokMh esa tks Lolgk;rk lewg [kkuk cukrs gSa mUgssa Hkh 15 ls 30 izfr”kr deh”ku nsuk iM+rk gS ,d cPps dk ,d fnu dk 3-94 :Ik;s feyrk gS mlesa ls izfr cPpk 1-00 :Ik;s vkaxuokMh lqijokbZtj ds ek/;e ls bdV~Bk gksdj Hkksiky pyk tkrk gSA izns”k ds Fkkus fcdrs gS ;g dksbZ u;k vkjksi ugha gSA reke fo/kk;dks ;k tuizfrfuf/k;ks us Fkkusnkjks ls my>us dh dksf”k”k dh rks os lkQ lkQ rkSj ij cryk nsrs gS fd fdruk iSlk nsdj os Fkkus esa vk, gS rFkk fdrus le; ds fy, mUgksaus ;g iSlk fn;k gSA iqfyl egdesa esa Fkkuk vkoaVu ds le; yh xbZ jkf”k ds vuqlkj gh olwyh gksrh gSA chp esa ;fn dksbZ ,slh ?kVuk gks tk; fd Fkkusnkj dks gVuk iM+s rks mls ,sls Fkkus esa Hkstk tkrk gS tgkW dekbZ fiNys Fkkus ls T;knk gksA iwjs izns”k esa gj tqavk dsUnz dks lapkfyr djus dh “kqYd U;wure 10 gtkj :Ik;k Fkkuk olwy djrk gSA gj Fkkuk {ks= esa 10&20 tqvk dsUnz U;wure lapkfyr fd, tkrs gSA blh rjg lV~Vk vkSj voS/k “kjkc dk dkjksckj iqfyl lja{k.k esa pyrk gSA Hkz’Vkpkj dh fLFkfr izns”k esa ;gkW rd igaqp pqdh gS fd lkxj ftys ds nsojh ds odhyks dks eq[;ea=h ds lkxj nkSjs ds le; vfuf”prdkyhu gM+rky djuh iM+h D;ksafd os ,lMh,e dk;kZy; esa gks jgs Hkz’Vkpkj ls rax vk pqds FksA mUgksaus ckdk;nk eq[;ea=h dks crk;k fd dk;kZy; esa eqdnes dh vihy ds fy, 200 :Ik;s] uksfVl tkjh djus ds fy, 100 :Ik;]s is”kh c<+kus ds 50 :Ik;s] tkfr izek.k i= ds 500 ls 1000 :Ik;s] /kkjk 151 dh tekur ds 1000 :Ik;s /kkjk 110 dh tekur ds 5000 :Ik;s] [kljk fdLrcanh ds 100 :Ik;s] QSlys i{k esa djkus ds 5000 ls 50]000 :Ik;s rd fy, tk jgs gSA

       vkt gh eq>s ,d xkao ds xjhc us f”kdk;r dh fd mlus dfiy/kkjk dk izdj.k eatwj djk;k ysfdu 1]16]000 dh eatwjh ds ckotwn mls Loa; CykfLVax djkus dks dgka tk jgk gSA ftlesa 25 gtkj :Ik;s [kpkZ yxsxk tks Loa; ogu djuk iMsxkA blds lkFk ;g Hkh dgk tk jgk gS fd ;fn dqavk lw[kk fudyk rks Loa; gh cka/kuk iM+sxkA ljiap ls ckr djus ij crk;k x;k fd cjlkr ds dkj.k 3 ekg ls dke can Fkk rFkk lhbZvks }kjk dgk x;k gS fd dqa, dk dsoy etnwjh okyk dke djkvksa cka/kus dk dke djkus dk iSlk ugha gSA eq[;ea=h us izns”k ds 5 ,dM+ ls de okys fdlkuks dks V;wcosy djkus ij 25 gtkj :Ik;s dk vuqnku nsus dh ?kks’k.kk dh FkhA ysfdu iwjs Cykd esa 2&4 izdj.k ls vf/kd Lohd`r ugha fd, x,A ;gh fLFkfr cyjke rkykc dh gS tks eq[;ea=h ds Hkk’k.k dk pquko ds le; eq[; va”k eq[; fgLlk gqvk djrk FkkA cyjke rkykc Hkh dsoy 2&4 gh 80 gTkkj dh nj ls Cykd Lrj ij Lohd`r fd, x;s gSA 5 o’kZ igys gj fdlku dks 2&3 yhVj dhVuk”kd fey tk;k djrk FkkA eqyrkbZ esa ;g dhVuk”kd 5 gtkj ls 10 gtkj yhVj rd vk/ks nkeks ij fn;k x;k ysfdu bl le; fLFkfr ;g gS fd gj xkao esa 5 yhVj ,.MkslYQku rFkk DyksjksikbZjhQkl vkoafVr fd;k x;k gSA 

       izns”k esa cqUnsy[k.M ds bykds esa lkeUrokn lcls cM+h leL;k gSA izns”k ds vU; bykdks esa vU/kfo”okl] tknwVksuk] inkZizFkk] ngstizFkk vkt Hkh eq[; leL;k gSA eq[;ea=h us lkeUrokn dks [kRe djus dh bPNk”kfDr ugha fn[kykbZ gSA gkykfd jktk HkS;k ij dk;Zokgh dh nqgkbZ nsdj os bl vkjksi dks pqukSrh ns ldrs gSA ysfdu Hkktik ds ea=h jgs lquhy uk;d ds gR;kjks rFkk ml ?kVuk esa layXu fo/kk;d ij dksbZ dk;Zokgh ugha dj ldsA lkeUrokfn;ks dk vkrad vktknh ds ckn Hkh yxHkx T;ks dk R;ks cuk gqvk gSA tc mek Hkkjrh vkbZ Fkh rks lkearoknh dqN le; ds fy, ?kcjk, Fks ckn esa tc lc T;ks dk R;ks gks x;kA

       vU/kfo”okl dks [kRe djuk eq[;ea=h ds ,tsa.Ms esa “kkfey ugha gSA blds Bhd foijhr yxrk gS tSls izns”k esa vU/kfo”okl c<₊kuk Hkktik ds ?kks’k.kk i= dk vge fgLlk gksA /keZ esa vkLFkk ,d ckr gS ysfdu gj Lrj ij /keZ dh vkM+ esa vU/kfo”okl dks c<+kok nsuk ;FkkfLFkfr dks dk;e djuk gSA inkZizFkk dks lekIr djuk eq[;ea=h ds ,tsaMk esa “kkfey ugha gSA os bls Hkkjrh; laLd`fr dk vfHkUu vax ekurs gSA vxj ,slk ugh gksrk rks de ls de fofn”kk vkSj jk;lsu tgkW mUgksaus xr 25 o’kkZs ls yxkrkj jktuhfr dh gS inkZizFkk dks [kRe djus dk iz;kl fd;k gksrkA de ls de tc lq’kek Lojkt tc muds {ks= ls lkaln gks xbZ rc rks ;g dke vklkuh ls fd;k tk ldrk Fkk ysfdu lq’kek th f”kojkt th dks bl eqn~ns ij izHkkfor djus dh ctk; yxrk gS mUgha ls izHkkfor gS rFkk inkZizFkk dks [kRe djkus es amudh dksbZ fnypLih ugha gSA Jherh f”kojktflag eq[;ea=h dh eq[; lg;ksxh dh Hkwfedk esa gSA muds }kjk Hkh inkZizFkk lekIr djus dh fn”kk esa cgqr dqN fd;k tk ldrk FkkA ysfdu “kk;n os vius ifr ds ,ts.Mk ds vkxs ugha tkuk pkgrhA ngst izFkk dk cksyckyk e0iz0 esa tcjnLr gSA mls [kRe djus dh ctk; “kkldh; Lrj ij “kknh;ks esa ngst pyu dks c<+kok nsus dk iz;kl “kkldh; Lrj ij tkjh gSA e0iz0 esa yxkrkj ngst izrkM+uk rFkk ngst gR;k ds izdj.k izdk”k esa vkrs jgrs gS ysfdu lekt ds Lrj ij ngst ekaxus okyks rFkk izrkM+uk nsus okyks dk lkekftd cfgLdkj gks ,oa mUgsa ltk fnykus ds fy, “kklu gj lEHko iz;kl djs ,sls dksbZ igy vyx ls fn[kykbZ ugha iM+rhA cU/kqvk etnwjh rFkk cky Jfedks dks ysdj reke “kkldh; dk;Zdze py jgs gS ysfdu cU/kqvk etnwj vkSj cky Jfed cM+s iSekus ij e0iz0 esa ns[ks tk ldrs gSA dqy feykdj lkekftd lq/kkj ds {ks= esa eq[;ea=h xr 5 o’kkZs esa dksbZ ;ksxnku djrs gq, fn[kykbZ ugha fn, gSA  

         MkW0 lquhye~] iwoZ fo/kk;d

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baba saheb dr bhimrao ambedkar ke parinirman diwas par lekh

        vkt 6 fnlEcj 2010 dks ckck lkgc dk fuokZ.k fnol iwjs ns”k esa tksj “kksj ls euk;k tk jgk gSA MkW0 ckck lkgc Hkhejko vEcsM+dj ns”k ds ,dek= ,sls usrk gS ftUgkssaus vius ekuus okyks ds chp vius vf/kdkjks dks ysdj lokZf/kd tkx:drk iSnk dh gSA ckck lkgc gh og lcls cM+s usrk gS ftUgsas ekuus okyks us muds lokZf/kd iqrys ns”kHkj ds xyh] dqpks] xkao rFkk ns”k ds eq[; LFkkuks ij vius iSlks ls [kM+s djus dk dke fd;k gSA ckck lkgc gh ,sls usrk gS ftUgsa ekuus okys “kknh vkSj e`R;q ds dk;Zdze esa QksVks yxkdj ;kn djrs gS rFkk muds lkfu/; es dk;Zdze vk;ksftr fd, tkrs gSA

e0iz0 ds fy, ;g xkSjo dk fo’k; gS fd mudk tUe 14 viSzy 1891 esa egq esa gqvk FkkA mUgsa ns”k ds lafo/kku jfp;rk] jktuhfrd usrk] ckS) /keZ ekuus okys /kekZoyEch] vFkZ”kkL=h] egkj tkfr dks vNwr tkfr ls nfyrks esa lokZf/kd tkx:d ,oe~ rkdroj lewg cukus okys euqoknh O;oLFkk ds tcjnLr fo”ys’kd ,oa vkykspd ds rkSj ij tkurk gSA

       vEcsMdj “kk;n igys ,sls igys egkj tkfr ds Nk= Fks ftUgksaus dkWyst dh f”k{kk ds ckn fof/k dh fMxzh ds lkFk lkFk fof/k esa “kks/k dj MkWDVªsV mikf/k] dksyfEc;k fo”ofo|ky; ls izkIr dhA mUgksaus vFkZ”kkL= esa MkWDVªsV dh mikf/k yUnu Ldwy bdkuksfeDl ls gkfly dh FkhA Hkhejko jketh vEcsM+dj jRukfxjh ftys ds vEckMk “kgj ds ftl ejkBh ifjokj esa iSnk gq, Fks og ifjokj bZLV bf.M;k dEiuh dh QkSt esa dk;Zjr FkkA muds firk  us Hkkjrh; QkSt ds egq dUVªksesaV esa Hkh dke fd;k Fkk os dchj iaFkh FksA 1894 esa firk lsok fuo`Rr gksus ds ckn os lkrkjk x;sA vEcsM+dj dh ekW dk nsgkUr gks x;kA vEcsM+dj dk miuke muds czkEg.k f”k{kd Jh egknso vEcsMdj }kjk fn;k x;k tks fd muds iSr`d xkao vEckMh ds vk/kkj ij fn;k x;kA firk }kjk 1898 esa iqu% fookg ds ckn vEcsMdj ,yfQLVu jksM+ Ldwy esa i<+s rFkk cEcbZ fo”ofo|ky; ds Nk= jgsA 9 o’kZ dh yM+dh jekckbZ ls mudh “kknh gqbZA cMkSnk ds egkjkt }kjk mUgsa dkWyst i<+kbZ ds fy, Nk=o`fRr iznku dh xbZA 1913 eas lk<+s xkjg fczfV”k ikm.M dh Nk=o`fRr ysdj os LukdksRrj Nk= gksdj dksyfEc;k fo”ofo|ky; x,A  rc rd ,ufla;saV Hkkjrh; okf.kT; ij Fkhfll dh] 1916 esa nqljh ,e-,- dh Fkhfll dhA ykSVus ij mUgsa cMkSnk LVsV dk fefyVjh lsdsVjh fu;qDr fd;k x;kA ysfdu ”kh?kz gh mUgksaus NksM+ fn;k rFkk 1918 esa eqEcbZ ds dkWyst esa ukSdjh djus yxsA 1919 esa mUgksaus vNwrks ds fy, i`Fkd bysDVªksjsV rFkk vkj{k.k dh ckr dgha rFkk 1920 esa ewduk;d dksykiqj ds egkjktk dh enn ls mUgksaus lkIrfgd ewduk;d izdkf”kr djuk “kq: fd;kA

       dksYgkiqj ds egkjkt lkgqth 4 us mUgsa Hkfo’; dk jk’Vªh; usrk crk;kA mUgksus fQj yUnu tkdj vFkZ”kkL= dh fMxzh izkIr dh ogh ij MkW0 dh mikf/k Hkh izkIr dh rFkk odkyr Hkh “kq: dhA ckn esa cEcbZ gkbZdksVZ esa odkyr djrs gq, mUgksaus cfg’d`r fgrdkfj.kh uke dk igyk laxBu cuk;kA mUgksaus igyk vkUnksyu turk ds fy, ihus ds ikuh ds L=ksr [kksyus rFkk eafnjks esa nfyrks ds izos”k ds fy, fd;kA egkM+ ds lR;kxzg dks vkt iqjh nqfu;k tkurh gS mUgksus lk;eu deh”ku ds lkFk dk;Z fd;k rFkk Hkfo’; eas lfo/kku ds izk:Ik dks ysdj lq>ko fn;sA

       vEcsM+dj us Hkkjrh; jk’Vªh; dkaxzsl rFkk eksgunkl djepan xka/kh dh [kqyh vkykspuk dh rFkk vNwr rcdks ds fy, i`Fkd jktuhfrd igpku dh ekax dkaxzsl vkSj vaxzstks ds lkeus j[khA igyh ckj 8 vxLr 1930 dks mUgksaus viuk iwjk n”kZu fMizsLM Dyklst dkUQzsl ds ek/;e ls ns”k ds le{k j[kkA yUnu esa gqbZ nwljh jkm.M Vscy dkUQzsl esa mUgksaus Hkkx fy;kA tgkW mUgksaus u dsoy vNwrks cfYd eqfLye] fl[k] vYila[;dks ds fy, Hkh i`Fkd bysDVªksjsV flLVe dh ekax dhA tc vxzsat rS;kj gks x, rc iq.ks dh ;jonk tsy esa xka/khth us blds f[kykQ vkej.k] vu”ku “kq: dj fn;kA xka/khth us fgUnqvksa dh ,dtqVrk dh ckr dghA ml le; vEcsM+dj vkSj xka/kh ds chp iquk isDV gqvkA 1935 esa vEcsM+dj dks cEcbZ ds “kkldh; ykW dkWyst dk 2 o’kZ ds fy, izkpk;Z cuk;k x;kA vEcsM+dj us ;gkW jgrs gq, 50 gtkj fdrkcks dk viuk O;fDrxr xzUFkky; rS;kj fd;k x;kA blh o’kZ mudh iRuh dh ekSr gks xbZA 13 vDVwcaj dks mUgksaus vNwr rcdks ds /kekZUrj.k dks ysdj lEesayu fd;kA 1936 esa vEcsMdj us Lora= yscj ikVhZ dk xBu fd;k ftlesa 1937 ds lsUVªy yftlysfVo ,lEcyh esa 15 lhV thrhA blh o’kZ mUgksaus Fkhfll ds vk/kkj ij nh ,ughsys”ku vkWQ dkLV fdrkc NkihA os okbZl jk; ,DlhD;wfVo dkmafly esa Je ea=h jgs rFkk mUgksaus desVh fMQsal ,MokbZtjh esa dke fd;k rFkk gwa osvj nh lwnzkt iqLrd fy[khA mUgksaus viuh ikVhZ dks vky bf.M;k “kSM;wy dkLV QsMjs”ku esa rCnhy dj fn;kA 1941 ls 1945 ds chp mUgksaus dbZ fdrkcs fy[khA ftlesa FkkVlZ vkWQ ikfdLrku izeq[k FkhA bl fdrkc esa mUgksaus eqfLye yhx }kjk eqylekuks ds fy, i`Fkd ikfdLrku ekax stkus dh vkykspuk dhA ysfdu mUgksaus blh fdrkc esa ;g Hkh fy[kk fd ;fn eqlyekuks dh bPNk ikfdLrku cukus dh gS rks mudh ilUn dks Lohdkj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A os ckyfookg] cgqiRuhizFkk] inkZizFkk ds tcjnLr f[kykQ FksA 15 vxLr 1947 dks dkaxzsl us mUgsa igyk fof/k ea=h xka/khth ds lq>ko ij fu;qDr fd;kA 29 vxLr dks vEcsM+dj dks lafo/kku fuekZ=h lHkk dk v/;{k fu;qDr fd;kA lafo/kku 26 uoEcj 1949 dks lafo/kku lHkk }kjk ,DlsIV fd;k x;kA 1951 esa fgUnq dksVZ fcy dk fojks/k gksus ij mUgksaus ea=he.My ls bLrhQk ns fn;k 1952 esa Lora= :Ik ls ckck lkgc yksdlHkk dk pquko yM+s ysfdu os pquko gkj x;sA mUgsa 1952 esa jkT;lHkk dk fu;qDr fd;k x;kA 6 fnlEcj 1956 rd jkT;lHkk ds lnL; jgsA 1948 ds ckn ls gh vEcsM+dj dks Mk;fcVht Fkh 1954 ds ckn mUgsa fMizslu gqvk rFkk vkW[k Hkh detksj iM+ xbZA fnujkr ifjJe  dj mUgksaus nh cq)k ,.M fgt /kEe fdrkc fy[khA fdrkc iqjh djus ds ckn 3 fnu ds Hkhrj mudh ekSr gks xbZA MkW0 ckck lkgc Hkhejko vEcsM+dj us viuh fdrkc esa fy[kk gS fd egkj leqnk; ds yksx ewyr% ckS) Fks rFkk ckS) gksus ds dkj.k mUgsa xkao ds ckgj j[kk x;k rFkk vNwr cuk fn;k x;kA MkW0 vEcsM+dj Jhyadk] cekZ] ckS) vUrZjk’Vªh; lEesayuks esa x, rFkk mUgksaus Hkkjrh; ckS) egklHkk dk xBu fd;kA vEcsM+dj us nqljk fookg “kkjnk dchj ls fd;k FkkA ftUgksaus ckS) /keZ Lohdkj fd;k Fkk os lfork vEcsM+dj ds uke ls tkuh xbZA vEcsM+dj ds iksrs izdk”k ;”koar vEcsM+dj jkT;lHkk esa lnL; jgsA

vEcsM+dj dk esseksfj;y 26 vyhiqj jksM+ esa cuk;k x;k gSA muds tUefnu ij vEcsM+dj t;arh ds volj ij ns”kHkj esa NqV~Vh gksrh gS 1990 esa mUgsa HkkjrjRu fn;k x;kA MkW0 ckck lkgc vEcsM+dj vksiu fo”ofo|k; gSnjkckn] MkW0 ch0vkj0 vEcsM+dj fo”ofo|ky;] Jhdkdqye] vkU/kzizns”k] ch-vkj- vEcsM+dj fcgkj fo”ofo|ky;] ch0vkj0 vEcsM+dj us”kuy bUlV;wV vkWQ VsDukykWth tkyU/kj] MkW0 ckck lkgc bUVjus”kuy ,vj iksVZ ukxiwj] ds ek/;e ls ns”k mUgsa ;kn djrk gSA laln Hkou esa Hkh ckck lkgc dk iqryk yxk gSA n”kgjs ds fnu ukxiwj esa yk[kks yksx bdV~Bs gksdj muds fn, x, ukjks dks cqyUn djrs gSa **f”kf{kr cuks la?k’kZ djks laxfBr gks**A egkjk’Vª jkT; “kklu }kjk MkW0 vEcsM+dj ds ys[kks ,oa Hkk’k.kks dks 21 [k.Mks esa izdkf”kr fd;k gSA ckS) leqnk; rFkk vEcsM+djokfn;ks esa t;Hkhe dgdj gh vfHkoknu fd;k tkrk gSA MkW0 vEcsMdj ij dbZ fQYesa vc rd cukbZ tk pqdh gSA

       ckck lkgc ds ftUnxh dk edln lM+h] xyh tkfr O;oLFkk dks lewy rkSj ij u’V djuk FkkA D;k ge vkt dg ldrs fd geus ckck lkgc ds ml lius dks lkdkj fd;k gS bl ij cgl gks ldrh gS fd tkfrokn fdruk vf/kd c<+k ysfdu tkfrokn esa dgh deh fn[kykbZ ugh iM+rhA ns”k esa tkfr ds vk/kkj ij “kknh fookg rks cnLrwj py jgs gSA pquko esa fVdV Hkh tkfr ds vk/kkj ij gh fn, tkrs gSA jktuhfrd nyks esa vkerkSj ij tkfr ds leFkZu ds vk/kkj ij ekU;rk nh tkrh gSA

       ckck lkgc us vNwrks dks ikuh ds L=ksr lkoZtfud djus dk laoky xaHkhjrkiwoZd mBk;k FkkA egkj lR;kxzg dks lHkh tkurs gSA MkW0 vEcsMdj lcls T;knk izrkfM+r  vius thoudky esa ;fn fdlh ,d eqn~ns ls jgs rks og ihus ds ikuh ds lkFk tqM+k gqvk FkkA D;k vkt ge ;g dgus dh fLFkfr esa gS fd ikuh ds lHkh L=ksr lkoZtfud gks pqds gSA T;knkrj “kgjh vkSj i<+s fy[ks yksx ;g dgsaxs fd lHkh ikuh ds L=ksr mi;ksx ds fy, tkfrHksn eqqDr gS ysfdu ;g loZFkk vlR; gS ysfdu ns”k esa ,d djksM+ ls vf/kd dq, vkt Hkh ,sls gS ftudk mi;ksx nfyr ugh dj ldrs gSA

       nfyrks ds fy, vkt Hkh nfyr cLrh vyx ls xkao ds ckgj cuh gqbZ gSA ns”k esa reke ljdkjs vk;h vkSj x;h ysfdu fdlh Hkh ljdkj us ;g fgEer ugha fn[kkbZ fd og nfyrks dh vyx cLrh clkus dh izFkk dks lekIr dj ldsA ihus ds ikuh dks ysdj ;kuh dqa, rFkk gsMiEi ds bLrseky dks ysdj reke dkuwu rks cus gS izdj.k Hkh ntZ gksrs jgrs gSA ysfdu ,sls de xkao ns”kHkj esa fo”ks’kdj mRrj Hkkjr esa ik, tkrs gSA tgkW ikuh ds lHkh L=ksr nfyrks ds fy, [kqys gSA ckck lkgc us **f”kf{kr cuks laxfBr gSs la?k’kZ djks* dk ukjk fn;kA jktuhfrd rkSj ij ns[kk tk, rks nfyr tkfr;k vis{kkd`r dkQh laxfBr gSA ysfdu lHkh nfyr mitkfr;ks esa f”kf{kr cuks ds ckck lkgc ds vkOgu dks Lohdkj ugha fd;k gSA ;g t:j dgk tk ldrk gS fd egkj rFkk pekj dgh tkus okyh mitkfr;ks us lPps eu ls f”kf{kr cuus dh lksp dks Lohdkj fd;k rFkk bu mitkfr;ks us cM+s iSeku ij u;h ih<+h mPp f”k{kk izkIr ns[kh tk ldrh gSA

       la?k’kZ djks dk ukjk ckck lkgc dks ekuus okys lewgks us de gh viuk;k gS fo”ks’k rkSj ij gkykfd HksnHkko rFkk izrkM+uk ds lkekftd eqn~ns dks ysdj reke txgks ij mUgsa la?k’kZ djrs gq, ns[kk tkrk gS ysfdu vkfFkZd lokyks dk dksbZ laxfBr la?k’kZ vkerkSj ij jk’Vªh; Lrj ij fn[kkbZ ugh nsrk tcfd lp ;g gS fd vkfFkZd fo’kerk gS] rFkk orZeku rduhd us fo”ks’k rkSj ij oS”ohdj.k us lHkh ijEijkxr m|ksxks dks u’V dj fn;k gSA e”khujhdj.k ds pyrs lkQ lQkbZ dk dk;Z Hkh cM+s iSekus ij izHkkfor gqvk gSA ysfdu bldk lkeqfgd rxM+k izfrdkj ns”k ds Lrj ij fn[kykbZ ugha nsrkA ckck lkgc ds ckn ftu nfyr usrkvksa us ckck lkgc dh izsj.kk ls nfyrks dks laxfBr fd;k mUgksaus lkekftd fo’kerk ,oa HksnHkko ds lokyks dks izkFkfedrk ds rkSj ij vius jktuhfrd dk;Z dk eqn~nk ekuk ysfdu vkfFkZd eqn~nks ij mUgsa Bksl dk;Z djrs gq, de gh ns[kk tkrk gS foM+Ecuk ;g gS fd vf/kdrj ckck lkgc dks ekuus okys mUgsa vFkZ “kkL=h ds rkSj ij xaHkhjrk ls ugh ysrs tcfd ckck lkgc fof/k rFkk lekt “kkL= brus cM+s Kkrk Fks mlls cM+s vFkZ”kkL= ds fo}ku FksA

       ckck lkgc ns”k ds usrk Fks ysfdu ns”k dh tkfrO;oLFkk ds pyrs vFkkZr euqokfn;ks ds ‘kM~;a= ds pyrs os nfyrks ds usrk cuk fn, x,A bles ckck lkgc dks ekuus okyks dh Hkh de egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk ugh jghA mUgksaus ckck lkgc dks nfyrks ds usrk ds rkSj ij izkstsDV fd;k ;k ;g dgk tk, fd nfyrks ds usrk cukdj ckck lkgc dks izkstsDV djuk mUgsa viuh jktuhfrd rkdr dks c<+kus ds fy, T;knk mi;ksxh yxk ;gh dkj.k gS fd 6 fnlEcj vkSj 14 viSzy ds dk;Zdze T;knkrj nfyr laxBuks ds }kjk vk;kftr fd, tkrs gS ;k bu nksuks voljks ij jktuhfrd ny viuh jktuhfr dks pedkus ds fy, rFkk ;g tkfgj djus ds fy, os Hkh ckck lkgc dks ekurs gS Bhd oSls gh dk;Zdze djrs gSA tSls 15 vxLr vkSj 26 tuojh dks “kkldh; Lrj ij Lora=rk fnol vkSj x.kra= fnol ds vkSipkfjd dk;Zdze vk;ksftr fd, tkrs gSA

       ckck lkgc us lafo/kku lHkk esa lfo/kku dk eflonk izLrqr djrs gq, dgk Fkk fd bl lafo/kku us ns”k esa jktuhfrd lerk yk nh gS vFkkZr cM+s iwathifr vkSj xjhc dk vo.kZ ;k lao.kZ dks leku erkf/kdkj gkfly gks x;k gSA ysfdu ;fn ns”k esa lkekftd] vkfFkZd] dzkafr ugh gqbZ rks ;g lafo/kku dkxt dk VqdM+k cudj jg tk,sxkA ckck lkgc dh Hkfo’;ok.kh vkt lp gksrh lkfcr gksrh fn[kykbZ iM+rh gSA

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HMS-HMKP MERGER DECLAYARATION

Mumbai Declaration

This historic conference greatly appreciate the decision of Hind Majdoor Kisan Panchayat to dissolve itself and merge with the Hind Majdoor  Sabha ( HMS ), which was found in 1948 to unite all democratic trade unions under the leadership of Shri. Jayprakash Narayan, R.S. Ruikar, Ashok Mehta, V.B.Karnik, P.D’Mello, Maniben Kara and others.  HMS and HMKP had set the achievement of democreatic Socialisim as it’s objective and it is this common vision of the two organization, the HMKP and HMS, which have brought about this unification. The conference congratulates the HMKP and HMS for this historic decision.

The HMS and HMKP have always striven for the unity of the unity of the working class and fervently hopes that this  development will accelerate  that process. The working class has been facing terrible onslaught by the proprietors of the countries economy and government. The gravity of the situation underlines the urgent need for such unity. The high inflation in food articles and  other essential goods has placed unbearable burdens on the common peoples, while the economic situation a fraught with growing un – employment. The Government has been dolling out favors after favors to the India inc, at great cost to the working class. The workers in the un organized sectors of the economy, in Particular, have been put under the greatest possible Straine. It has been imperative for all trade union centers to come together to fight back these oppressive policies of the government.

The conference reiterates and resolve to further strengthen the HMS and the determined struggle of the working class for the creation of just society where there is no exploitation. It also pledges itself to widening and Deepings our democratic polity which is the backbone of the legitimate rights of the working class.

Com. Umaraomal Purohit                                                    Com. Sharad Rao    

pench vayapwardhan yogna ke virodh mein kisan andolan

**iasp O;iorZu ifj;kstuk**

**tehu cpkus ds fy, gj dqckZuh nsus dks rS;kj gS 31 xkao ds fdlku**

                                        

Ek0iz0 ds fNUnokM+k vkSj flouh ftys esa isap O;iorZu ifj;kstuk gsrq lu~ 2003 esa 543-20 djksM+ dh iz”kklfud Lohd`fr e0iz0 “kklu dks izkIr gqbZ FkhA ;kstuk vk;ksx }kjk fuos”k fudklh o’kZ 2006 esa Lohd`r dj nh xbZA ts-ch-vkbZ-lh- ls dtkZ izkIr djus gsrq Hkkjr ljdkj dks lu~ 2006 esa gh izLrko Hkst fn;k x;kA Hkkjr ljdkj us iquZokl vkSj clkoV ds dk;Zdze ds fy, 101-35 djksM+ dk dk;Zdze rS;kj fd;kA ifj;kstuk iw.kZ djus gsrq 6 o’kZ dk y{; j[kk x;k Fkk vFkkZr ;kstuk 2012&2013 rd rS;kj gks tkuh pkfg, FkhA ugj fuekZ.k dk dk;Z yxHkx 50 izfr”kr rFkk cka/k fuekZ.k dk dk;Z 5 izfr”kr gh djk;k x;k gSA

     ;kstuk ds vuqlkj 31 xzkeksa dh 7575 ifjokj izHkkfor gksus okys gSa rFkk 5607-28 gsfDV;j tehu Mwc esa tkus okyh gSA ifj;kstuk ds nLrkostks ds vuqlkj ekpkxksjk cka/k isap unh ij cuk;k tkus okyk gSaA cka/k dh ÅapkbZ 630-2 ehVj izLrkfor gSA ;kstuk ls okf’kZd 96519 gsfDV;j tehu dh flapkbZ izLrkfor gSA

     fdlku la?k’kZ lfefr fd vksj ls tc 31 xkao ds fdlkuks us isap O;iorZu ds lEcU/k esa iwjh tkudkjh pkgh rc 24 tuojh 2009 dks igyh ckj fyf[kr rkSj ij fdlkuks dks crk;k x;k fd Mwc {ks= dk loZs{k.k dj dk;Z izxfr ij gSA loZs{k.k ds mijkUr fdl xkao dh fdu fdu O;fDr;ks dh fdruh fdruh tehu] isM] dqa, ,oa edku Mwc esa vkosaxs crkuk lEHko gks ldsxkA dk;Zikyu ;a=h }kjk ekfdZax esa fdruk le; yxsxk ;g Hkh crkus ls badkj dj fn;kA ;g iwNs tkus ij fd Mwc {ks= ds fdlkuks dks tehu] edku] dqavk] isM+ dk fdruk eqvkotk feysxk dk;Zikyu vf/kdkjh }kjk crk;k x;k fd HkwvtZu vf/kdkjh }kjk bldh nj fu/kkZfjr dh tk;sxhA dk;Zikyu ;a=h us vius i= esa dgk fd 14 viSzy 2007 dks Hkkjr ljdkj iquZokl uhfr ds rgr 31 xkao esa xzke lHkk esa foHkkx }kjk Hkkjr ljdkj dh iquZokl uhfr ds izfr miyC/k djk nh xbZA ysfdu xzkeokfl;ks dk dguk gS fd mUgsa dksbZ uhfr dh izfr vkt rd miyC/k ugha djkbZ xbZA tc foHkkx ls ;g iwNk x;k fd 583-40 djksM+ :Ik;s dh jkf”k dc rd miyC/k djk nh tk;sxh rc foHkkx dk tokc Fkk fd /ku dh miyC/krrk ds vk/kkj ij jkf”k miyC/k djkbZ tkrh gSA vFkkZr dc rd jkf”k miyC/k djkbZ tk;sxh blds ckjs esa Hkh foHkkx dksbZ Li’V tkudkjh nsus dks rS;kj ugha FkkA dsoy bruk crk;k x;k fd vc rd “kklu ls 13-12 djksM+ :I;s dh jkf”k miyC/k djkbZ xbZ gS ,oa ou ea=ky; ls vukifRr izek.k ds lEcU/k esa crk;k x;k fd 31 viSzy 1985 ds gh vukifRr izek.k i= izkIr gks x;k Fkk vFkkZr 25 o’kZ iqjkus Ik;kZoj.k ij vlj iMus okys v/;;u dks ;kstuk esa vkt Hkh mi;ksxh ekuk x;k A xkao okys bl vukifRr izek.k i= dks Lohdkj djus dks rS;kj ugh gSA mUgksaus ckj ckj vkUnsyu djds fQj ls Ik;kZoj.k ij iMus okys vlj dk v/;;u djkus dh ekax dj jgs gSA vf/kdkfj;ks }kjk ;g crk;k x;k fd izR;sd xkao dks Hkwfe dk vf/kxzg.k djrs le; /kkjk&4 dk izdk”ku djrs le; esa /kkjk&4 dh izfr;k miyC/k djkbZ tk;sxhA ysfdu Ms< o’kZ chr tkus ds ckotwn vc rd iapk;r dks dksbZ izfr /kkjk&4 dh miyC/k ugha djkbZ xbZ gSA

     blh chp fNUnokMk esa ftyk iapk;r dh 28 ebZ 2010 dks gqbZ cSBd esa isap ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr nkbZ rV ugj esa fofHkUu LFkkuks ij fufeZr iDds dk;kZs dk tkWp izfrosnu izLrqr fd;k x;kA cSBd dh v/;{krk LFkkuh; fo/kk;d }kjk dh xbZ cSBd ftyk iapk;r fNUnokMk ds v/;{k] mik/;{k] lnL; rFkk pkSjbZ ds fo/kk;d] ty lalk/ku foHkkx] fNUnokMk ds dk;Zikyu ;a=h rFkk xzkeh.k ;kaf=dh lsok laHkkx fNUnokMk ds dk;Zikyu ;a=h vkj0,l0 lkgq dks HkkSfrd lR;kiu djus ds fy, cukbZ xbZ lfefr dk lnL; fu;qDr fd;k x;k FkkA ftUgksaus 20 tqykbZ dks tkdj fofHkUu LFkkuks ij HkkSfrd fufj{k.k fd;kA

     fufj{k.k ny us LVªDpj ds HkkSfrd lR;kiu ds ckn mUgsa detksj ik;k rFkk ,tsalh }kjk ekin.Mks dk ikyu ugh djus dk nks’kh ik;k rFkk ;g urhtk fudyk fd blls ifj;kstuk ds flapkbZ lapkyu ,oa fdz;kUo;u ds nkSjku lkeuk djuk iM+sxkA lfefr us vuq”kalk dh leLr LVªDpjks dk iquZfuekZ.k fd;k tkuk tufgr esa gksxkA

     ugj ,oa cka/k ds fuekZ.k dk dk;Z Bsdsnkj ,l0ds0 tSu }kjk fd;k tkuk Fkk ftls VS.Mj QthZ ,QMhvkj ds vk/kkj ij fn;k x;k Fkk lfefr }kjk vuq”kalk dh xbZ fd QthZ ,QMhvkj dh tkWp ugh djus okys vf/kdkfj;ks ds f[kykQ ,QvkbZvkj ntZ djkuk pkfg,A Bsdsnkj us iwjs e0iz0 esa 10 gtkj djksM+ ls vf/kd ds Bsds QthZ ,QMhvkj ij fy, gSA fdlkuks us isap ifj;kstuk ds dk;kZy; ij 5 twu 2010 dks ,l0ds0 tSu dh fxjIrkjh dks ysdj vkUnksyu fd;k FkkA vf/kdkfj;ks us vk”oklu Hkh fn;k Fkk ysfdu vkt rd fxjIrkjh ugh gqbZA

     3 vDVwcaj dks fdlkuks us lfefr dh fjikZsV dks ykxw djkus dks ysdj vkUnksyu fd;kA vkUnksyu dks dqpyus ds fy, LFkkuh; iqfyl dk lgkjk fy;k x;kA Mwc {ks= ds lHkh 31 xzkeksa esa ekpkxksjk ckU/k gVkvks] [ksrh cpkvks vkUnksayu ds rgr fdlku la?k"kZ lfefr ds cSuj rys fdlkuks }kjk ekpkxksjk igqapdj izn'kZu dj vkelHkk ds ckn vuqfoHkkxh; vf/kdkjh pkSjbZ ds ek/;e ls rFkk eq[;ea=h vkSj iz/kkuea=h dks Kkiu lkSaik x;kA fiNys dqN fnuks ls isap ifj;kstuk ds 31 Mwc {ks= ds xkao esa iqfyl }kjk ekbZd ls ;g izpkj Loa; Fkkuk izHkkjh }kjk fd;k tk jgk Fkk fd iwjs fNUnokMk esa /kkjk 144 yxh gS rFkk ;fn tqywl jSyh dh tk;sxh rks fdlkuks dks fxjIrkj fd;k tk;sxkA fNUnokMk ds ftyk/kh'k rFkk iqfyl vf/kdkfj;ks }kjk ,M0vkjk/kuk HkkxZo dks ckj ckj ;g dgk x;k fd dkaxzsl }kjk 1 rkjh[k dh cSBd jn~n dj nh xbZ bl dkj.k /kkjk 144 ds pyrs fdlku la?k’kZ lfefr dks Hkh dk;Zdze LFkfxr dj nsuk pkfg,A ysfdu ,M0 HkkxZo us vf/kdkfj;ks ls dgk fd tc dy pfu;k esa fo/kk;d dh mifLFkfr esa gtkjks yksxks dk dk;Zdze gks ldrk gS rc lektoknh ikVhZ dk dk;Zdze D;ksa ugh gks ldrk\ vkt lqcg 11 cts tc tEgksMh i.Mk ls gtkjks dh la[;k esa fdlku ekpkxksjk cka/k ds fy, MkW0 lquhye~ ds usr`Ro esa dwp dj jgs Fks rc Fkkuk izHkkjh }kjk xzkeokfl;ks dks /kedk;k x;k rc xzkeokfl;ks us ukjsckth dj iqfyl okyks dks xkao ls ckgj [knsM fn;k rFkk tqywl cukdj ekpkxksjk igqaps tgkW igys gh Hkkjh la[;k esa iqfyl cy vuqfoHkkxh; vf/kdkjh ds lkFk ekStwn FkkA iz'kklfud vf/kdkjh;ks }kjk ekpkxksjk esa lHkk ds fy, yxk, VasV dks tIr fd;k x;k rFkk Mwc {ks= ds ;qok usrk izdk'k lkgw dks fgjklr esa ys fy;k x;k FkkA xzkeokfl;ks us yxHkx 3 ?kaVs rd ekpkxksjk esa lHkk dh rFkk uoEcj esa Hkkoh vkUnksyu dh ?kks"k.kk dhA lHkk dks lEcksf/kr djrs gq, ,M- vkjk/kuk HkkxZo us dgk fd ljdkj iqfyl dh ne ij fdlkuks dh tehu tcjnLrh vf/kxzfgr ugh dj ldrhA mUgksaus dgk fd Mwc {ks= ds fdlkuks ds chp yxkrkj ,dtqVrk c<+rh tk jgh gS rFkk vkus okys le; esa fdlku HkwvtZu djus okyks ds lkFk bZV dk tokc iRFkj ls nsus ds fy, rS;kj gksaxsA mUgksaus dgk fd dkaxzsl vkSj Hkktik dh feyhtqyh dq'rh dk inkZQk'k gks pqdk gS rFkk 1 rkjh[k dks cSBd jn~n dj dkaxzsl us cryk fn;k gS fd og Mwc {ks= ds fdlkuks ds fy, ?kfM;kyh vkalq cgk jgh gSA mUgksaus eq[;ea=h dks fn;k tkus okys Kkiu dh foLr`r tkudkjh nsrs gq, dgk fd QthZ ,QMhvkj tek djus okys Bsdsnkj ,l0ds0 tSu dks rqjUr fxjIrkj fd;k tkuk pkfg, rFkk Bsdk fujLr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A lektoknh ikVhZ }kjk fn, x, Kkiu esa ,DlhD;qfVo bathfu;j jes'k frokjh] phQ bathfu;j ihlh egksfc;k] ,llh c?ksy] ,p0,0 x.ks'k oekZ dks rRdky c[kkZLr dj fxjIrkj fd, tkus dh ekx dh xbZ gSA fdlkuks }kjk iz/kkuea=h dks fn, Kkiu esa dgk x;k gSa fd fNUnokMk ftys ds ekpkxksjk ckU/k {ks= esa jgus okys 31 xkaoks ds fdlku ekpkxksjk ckU/k ds fuekZ.k ds fy, isap ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr viuh tehuks dk HkwvtZu fd, tkus ds f[kykQ  gSA fdlku dh tehuks dks vf/kxzghr dj fy;k x;k gSA os viuh tehu okil pkgrs gSA HkwvtZu dkuwu esa viuh tehus okil ysus dk vf/kdkj fn;k gSA vejhdk esa lh;Vy ls ysdj ns'k esa tcyiqj cjxh es m0iz0 esa nknjh] if'pe caxky esa flaxwj ls fdlkuks dh tehu okil nh tk pqdh gSA iapk;r vf/kfu;e esa xzke lHkk esa fcuk vuqefr dh dksbZ Hkh ;kstuk ykxw ugh dh tk ldrh gSA ge pkgrs gSA fd ;kstuk vk;ksx isap ifj;kstuk dh rduhdh leh{kk djs rFkk Hkkjr ljdkj ds i;kZoj.k ea=ky; }kjk i;kZoj.k ij iMus okyk vlj dk mPp Lrjh; i;kZoj.k v/;;u ds fy, mPp Lrjh; tkWp ny Hkstdj v/;;u djk;k tk;sA ge fdlh Hkh Lrj ij ljdkj ls Vdjko ugha pkgrs ysfdu ;g ?kks"k.kk djrs gSa ge viuh tehu dk HkwvtZu ugh gksus nsaxsA rFkk vafglkRed lR;kxzg ds ek/;e ls viuh tehu rFkk lafo/kku }kjk iznRr ftus ds vf/kdkj ds izko/kku dh j{kk ds fy, la?k"kZ djsaxsA

     iz/kkuea=h dks fn, x, Kkiu ds lkFk  eq[;ea=h dks Hkstk x;k Kkiu i= layXu fd;k x;k gSA rFkk iz/kkuea=h ls vuqjks/k fd;k x;k gS fd os Kkiu esa mBk;s x, eqn~nks ij fdlkufgr xkao fgr] esa vko';d funZs'k nsus dk d"V djsa Kkiu esa fdlkuks us iz/kkuea=h dks psrkouh nsrs gq, dgk x;k gSa fd ;fn mDr ewqn~nks ij dk;Zokgh ugh dh tkrh rks fdlku fnYyh esa iz/kkuea=h dk;kZy; ds le{k izn'kZu ds fy, etcwj gksxsaA iwoZ fo/kk;d ,oa fdlku la?k’kZ lfefr ds laLFkkid v/;{k MkW0 lquhye us fdlkuks dks crk;k fd iatkc ds fdlku ,d djksM :i;s izfr ,dM] gfj;k.kk ds fdlku 33 yk[k :i;s ,dM rFkk m0iz0 ds fdlku 1200 :i;s LDos;j ehVj ls tehu vf/kxzg.k ds izLrko dks Bqdjkrs gq, vkUnksyu dj jgs gS rFkk vyhx< ds fdlkuks us xksyh pkyu ds ckotwn viuh ,dtqVrk ds ne ij lHkh jktuhfrd nyks dks vkUnksyu dk leFkZu djus rFkk HkwvtZu dkuwu esa ifjorZu dh ekax djus ds fy, etc`wj dj fn;k gSA

aMkW0 lquhye us dgk fd ;fn Mwc {ks= ds fdlku la/k"kZ ds fy, ,dtqV gksaxs rks os vkUnksyu ds fy, vf/kd le; ns ldrs gSA mUgksaus dgk fd fnYyh esa uoEcj es gksus okys izn'kZu dk usr`Ro djus okys mUgsa lqJh es/kk ikVdj lgefr izkIr gks paqdh gSA

fdlkuks us uoEcj ekg esa iqu% fdlku egkiapk;r djus rFkk uoEcj ds vafre lIrkg esa i;kZoj.k ea=ky; rFkk ;kstuk vk;ksx ij izn'kZu djus dk fu.kZ; fy;kA  

iwjs {ks= esa fLFkfr foLQksVd gSa fdlku fdlh Hkh gkyr esa tehu nsus dks rS;kj ugh gSA dkaxzsl fdlkuks ds lkFk vkW[k fepkSyh [ksy jgh gSa crk;k tkrk gSa fd tc {ks= ds fdlku {ks=h; lkaln deyukFk ds ikl x, rks mUgksaus dgk fd cka/k rks cusxk eq[;ea=h Hkh dgrs gS ge le; ls ;kstuk iqjh djk,saxs ysfdu fdlku fdlh Hkh dqckZuh ds fy, rS;kj jgrs gSA

fdlkuks }kjk ifj;kstuk dk fojks/k djus dk eq[; dkj.k gS fd fNUnokMk ftys dh lcls mitkÅ tehu Mwc esa tk jgh gSA fdlkuks ds ikl bl tehu ds vykok thfodksiktZu dk nwljk dksbZ lk/ku ugh gSA izkstsDV fjikZsV esa ljdkj }kjk fdlkuks ds iquZokl dk mYys[k ekpkxksjk] cke.kokM+k] Hkwrsjk] rFkk pkSjlk xkao esa crk;k x;k gS os lHkh xkao Mwc {ks= ds xkao blls Li’V gS fd ljdkj fdlkuks dk iquZokl mfpr <ax ls ugha dj jgh gSA cka/k dk ikuh fNUnokMk ftys ls yxs flouh ftys dks vf/kd fn;k tk jgk gSA cka/k dk ykHk fNUnokMk ftys dks ugha fey jgk gSA eq>s vUns”kk gS fd vkus okyk le; fdlku vkSj ljdkj ds chp Hkh’k.k Vdjko dk gksxkA ljdkj iqfyl neu ds ne ij cka/k cuk,xh rFkk fdlku lR;kxzg ds ek/;e ls viuh tehu & lafo/kku iznRr thus ds vf/kdkj dks cpkus ds fy, dksbZ dksj dlj ckdh ugha NksM+saxsA

                                                        

                                      

             

bihar chunav2

**fcgkj pquko esa jkstxkj] f”k{kk]LokLF;] iyk;u dksbZ eqn~nk ugha & tkfrokn] ifjokjokn gh gkoh**

                                           & MkW0 lquhye~

**MkW0 lquhye~ 10 fnuks ls fcgkj esa gS mUgksaus 15 fo/kkulHkk {ks=ks dk nkSjk djus ds ckn eqt¶Qjiqj ls ;g fo”ks’k ys[k gekjs fy, Hkstk gS**

fcgkj ds fuoklh fo”ks’kdj etnwj iwjs ns”k esa fcgkj ls ykxkrkj iyk;u djrs gSa cEcbZ dh jktuhfr esa fcgkfj;ks dk loky vge loky cuk gqvk gSA tc tc fcgkfj;ks ds f[kykQ euls vFkok f”kolsuk dksbZ c;ku nsrs gS ;k dkjZokbZ djrs gS rks fcgkj ds lHkh usrk rxM+h izfrfdz;k nsus eas ugh pqdrsA ysfdu fcgkj ls iyk;u u gks bl ij fcgkj ds pquko esa dksbZ ppkZ ugh gSA fdlh ikVhZ us ,slh dksbZ ;kstuk ernkrkvks ds lkeus izLrqr ugh dh gSA ftlds vk/kkj ij ;g mEehn dh tk lds fd Hkfo’; esa fcgkj ls etnwjks ds iyk;u ij jksd yxsxhA iyk;u jksdus ds fy, csjkstxkjh ds loky dks gy djus dh ;kstuk izLrqr djuh iM+sxhA dSls fcgkj ds csjkstxkjks dks jkstxkj nsdj iw.kZ jkstxkj dh fLFkfr gkfly dh tk ldrh gSa] bl ij jktuhfrd ny ekSu gSa lHkh tkurs gS fd dsoy m|ksx vFkok ljdkjh ukSdjh ls csjkstxkjks dks jkstxkj nsuk lEHko ugh gSA eujsxk Hkh gj ifjokj dks 100 fnu dh lkykuk etnwjh nsus esa Hkh iwjh rjg ukdke;kc jgk gS ,slh fLFkfr esa dsoy fdlkuh ds {ks= ij fuHkZj gksdj jkstxkj nsus dk iz;kl laHko gSa ysfdu iwjs ns”k dh rjg fcgkj esa Hkh fdlkuh ?kkVs dk /kU/kk gSaA ;gka tehuks dh tksr cgqr NksVh gS gkykfd dqN lkear vHkh Hkh ,sls gS tks gtkjks ,dM+ tehu vkt Hkh tksr jgs gS ysfdu 80 izfr”kr ls vf/kd fdlku NksVs dkLrdkj gS tks [ksrh vius thfodksiktZu ds fy, djrs gSA [ksrh ls tc iwjk ugha iM+rk gSa rks etnwjh djrs gSs fcgkj esa u feys rks ckgj fudy tkrs gSA uhrh”k ljdkj us ,d Hkh ,slk Bksl dk;Zdze ugh fd;k ftlesa fdlkuks dh gkyr esa dksbZ xq.kkRed lq/kkj gks lds mUgksaus caVkbZnkjh dkuwu cukus dks ysdj t:j igy dh FkhA cUnksik/;k; lfefr us cVkbZnkj dkuwu dh vuq”kalk dh ftl ij orZeku ljdkj us Hkwfe lq/kkj vk;qDr dh v/;{krk esa ,d lfefr xfBr dh gSA igy djus ds ckn izfrfdz;k ns[kdj uhrh”k ihNs gV x, mUgksaus LokehlgtkuUn ljLorh dh t;arh ds volj ij ;gkW rd dg fn;k fd fcy dgk gSa dksbZ fn[kk ns ysfdu mUgh ds ikVhZ ds iwoZ izns”k v/;{k jgs lkaln yYyuflag dgrs gS fd eq[;ea=h us tSls lhfyax lEcU/kh vuq”kalk dks Lohdkj fd;k FkkAtSls mUgksaus cU/kksik/;k; lfefr dh vuq”kalk dks jn~n djus dh ?kks’k.kk ugh dh os nksuks i{kks ls ;kuh fdlkuks vkSj cVkbZnkjks ls nksuks ls ykHk ysuk pkgrs gSA ,d le; esa Hkwfe lq/kkj fcgkj dh jktuhfr esa vge eqn~nk gqvk djrk FkkA okeiaFkh ikVhZ;ksa ds fy, ;g eqn~nk vkt Hkh cM+k eqn~nk gSa ysfdu Hkwfe lq/kkj dM+kbZ ls ykxw djus dh ljdkj dh fgEer [kRe gks pqdh gSA vc ljdkj dh izkFkfedrk ,lhtsM cukus dh gSA fdlkuks dh U;wure vk; dsUnz ljdkj ds lcls NksVs deZpkjh ds cjkcj ;kuh 10 gtkj :Ik;s izfrekg lqfuf”pr djus dh ckr rks nwj] eujsxk dh etnwjh ;k ftyk vf/kdkjh }kjk ?kksf’kr dh tkus okyh U;wure etnwjh rd fdlkuks dks lqfuf”pr djus ds fy, dksbZ igy ljdkj djus dks rS;kj ugha gSA blh rjg [ksfrgj etnwjks dks jkstxkj nsus rFkk mudh lkekftd lqj{kk lqfuf”pr djus ds fy, ikVhZ;ksa ds ikl dksbZ ;kstuk ugh gSA fctyh miyC/krrk dk loky Hkh vHkh T;ks dk R;ks cuk gqvk gSA m|ksx fctyh ds vHkko esa BIi iM+s gSA [ksrh fctyh ds vHkko ls yxkrkj izHkkfor gks jgh gSA ysfdu ykywth dk 15 lky dk jkt jgk gks ;k uhrh”k th dk 5 lky dk fctyh Hkk’k.kks rd lhfefr gSA  fcgkj esa [kkn~h m|ksx BIi gSA iquZthfor djus dk dksbZ iz;kl dsUnz ;k jkT; ljdkj }kjk ugh fd;k tk jgk gSA dqy feykdj iyk;u dks jksdus ds fy, csjkstxkjh dh leL;k dks gy djus dk iz”u vuqmRrfjr gSA m0iz0 dh ljdkj us eqyk;eflag ;kno ds dk;Zdky esa csjkstxkjh HkRrk nsus dh ;kstuk ykxw dh Fkh ml ;kstuk dks Hkh uhrh”k ljdkj ykxw djus dks rS;kj ugha gSA ykywth Hkh jkstxkj nsus dh ctk; eksVj lkbZdy nsus dh ?kks’k.kk dj jgs gSaA

 turk ny *;w* }kjk tkjh fd, x, ?kks’k.kk i= esa ok;nk fd;k x;k gS fd  Åaph tkfr ds mRFkku ds fy, vk;ksx cusxkA lHkh chih,y ifjokjks dks vukt fn;k tk;sxkA fodkl nj dk y{; 10 izfr”kr j[kk x;kA nfyr] eqfLye o blkbZ;ks dks vuq0tkfr dk ntkZ nsus ljdkjh ukSdfj;ks esa eqlyekuks dks vkj{k.k nsus] Hkz’Vkpkfj;ks dh lEifIr tIr djus] rFkk fctyh mRiknu gsrq ubZ ifj;kstuk, “kq: djus dk ok;nk fd;k x;k gSA

 lksfu;kth rFkk iz/kkuea=h }kjk izns”k ljdkj ij dbZ vkjksi yxk, x, gSA dsUnz ds iSlks dk lgh bLrseky ugh fd;k x;k] fo”ks’k iSdst ds rgr fn, x, 6 gtkj djksM+ :Ik;s dk lgh mi;ksx jkT; ljdkj us ugha fd;k] dsUnzh; ;kstukvksa dks ykxw djus esa fcgkj ljdkj foQy gS] jkT; ljdkj esa n`f’V gS u dkfcfy;r gSA

ykywth dg jgs gS fd dkaxzsl] Hkktik vkil esa feyh gqbZ gS lwcs esa Hkz’Vkpkj pje lhek ij gS xjhcks dk iSlk ekfQ;k ywV jgs gSA uhrh”k ljdkj gj ekspZs ij foQy gSA dejrksM+ egxkabZ ls xjhcksa ds psgjs cq>s cq>s ls gSA flQZ nk: dh nqdkus xkao xkao esa [kqyh gSA “kjkc ihdj xjhc csekSr ej jgs gSA ykywth ;g Hkh dg jgs fd fcgkj ds fiNM+siu ds fy, dkaxzsl gh ftEesankj gSa ns”k esa izns”k esa iz/kkuea=h dk “kklu vf/kd le; rd jgk gS blfy, fcgkj esa fodkl dh xfr de gksus ds fy, dkaxzsl Hkh de nks’kh ugh gSA

Hkktik us vius pqukoh ?kks’k.kk i= esa vxM+h tkfr ds vkfFkZd :Ik ls detksj yksxks ds fy, vk;ksx cukus] d{kk 6 ls 8 ds Nk=ks dks Hkh iks”kkd nsus] “kgjks esa flojst] Mªsust o is;ty O;oLFkk lqfuf”pr djus] O;olk; ykbZlsal fuEcU/ku ds fy, flaxy foaMks flLVe ykxw djus dh ?kks’k.kk dh gSA

Hkktik ds usrk ,oa mieq[;ea=h dgrs gS fd fcgkj ds lkFk dsUnz dh ,uMh, ljdkj HksnHkko dj jgh gS] fcgkj dks fo”ks’k jkT; dk ntkZ nsus dh ekax gksrh jgh ysfdu dsUnz us bl ekax ij pqIih lk/k j[kh gSA dsUnz fctyh mRiknu esa Hkh vlg;ksx dj jgk gSA eq[;ea=h uhrh”k dqekj dg jgs gS fd iz/kkuea=h yksxks dks xqejkg dj jgs gSa og ftl jkf”k dh ckr dj jgs gSa og fu.kZ; fcgkj caVokjs ds le; dsUnz dh ,uMh, ljdkj dk gSA ;g jkf”k caVokjs ls gksus okys uqdlku dh HkjikbZ ds fy, nh xbZ FkhA dsUnz us dkslh dh ck<+ ds ckn Hkh lgk;rk ugh nhA iz/kkuea=h us feyus rd dk le; ugha fudkykA eq[;ea=h vius 5 o’kkZs ds dke&dkt ds vk/kkj ij yksxks ls oksV nsus dh ckr dg jgs gSA os dgrs gS vxj fcgkj esa ifjorZu ugha gqvk rks jktx yksxks ls oksV ekaxus dk vf/kdkj ugha j[krkA ysfdu vxj yxrk gSa fd geus fodkl fd;k gS rks vki ges viuk cs”kdherh er nsdj ,d ekSdk n]s ge fodflr fcgkj nsaxsA gj ?kj esa fctyh nkSM+xhA fcgkj esa vc vigj.k m|ksx can gks x;k gSA

lHkh v[kckj ikVhZ usrkvksa ds gsyhdk¶Vj }kjk pqukoh lHkk ds dk;Zdzeks ls Hkjs iM+s gSA Jh jkefoykl ikloku rks 6 fnu dk dk;Zdze gj fnu 6&6 lHkkvksa dk dk;Zdze foKkiu ds ek/;e ls tkjh djrs gSA jkefoykl ikloku vius csVs fpjkx ikloku rFkk ykyw ;kno vius csVs rstLoh ;kno ds lkFk nkSjk dj jgs gSA

     bl chp j?kqoa”kh izlkn th dk c;ku dkQh ppkZ esa gS mUgksaus dg fn;k gS fd t:jr iM+us ij le; vkus ij jktn vkSj dkaxzsl nksuks feydj fQj ljdkj cukus dksbZ xqjst ugha djsxhA lqJh eksnh dg jgs gS fd nksuks fd eSpfQfDalx gSA dkaxzsl ikVhZ ds vf/kdrj fo/kk;d jktn ljdkj esa ea=h jgs gSA

     pquko vc “kckc ij igqap pqdk gS gj usrk nqljs usrk dks [kqyh cgl dh pqukSrh ns jgk gSA fcgkj ds fiNM+siu ds loky dks ysdj xSjdkaxzslh] dkaxzsl dks lokZf/kd ftEesankj crk jgs gSa ogha dkaxzsl xSjdkaxzslh nyks dksA

     uhrh”k dqekj vc rd ;g cjkcj nkok djrs jgs fd mUgksaus 50 gtkj vijkf/k;ks dks tsy igqapk;k gS vc muls iwNk tk jgk gS fd tc tsyks dh dqy {kerk 32 gtkj dSnh j[kus dh gS rFkk 29 gtkj igys ls gh Fks rks “ks’k dSnh dgk j[ks] ;g eq[;ea=h dks crkuk pkfg,A

     fodkl ds nkos dk izek.k izns”k ljdkj lM+d crk jgh gSA ;g lgh gS fd jk’Vªh; jktekxZ rFkk jkT; ekxkZs esa vUrj Li’V fn[kkbZ nsrk gS ysfdu e/kqcuh] njHkaxk] eqt¶Qjiqj ftyks ds xzkeh.k {ks=ks ds 10 fnu ds yxs pqukoh nkSjks ls ;g rks eSa nkos ds lkFk dg ldrk gww fd xzkeh.k lM+dks dh fLFkfr cn~Rrj cuh gqbZ gSA eqt¶Qjiqj “kgj esa lM+dks dh fLFkfr n;uh; gSA D;k “kgjks vkSj ftyks dh lM+ds lq/kkjs tkus dks fodkl dgk tk ldrk gS \

     xjhch] Hkw[kejh] f”k{kk] LokLF;] ihus dk ikuh] jkstxkj] ty teko]ck<+] lq[kk<+ dh fLFkfr esa dksbZ fn[kykbZ nsus ;ksX; varj uhrh”k ljdkj ykus esa foQy jgh gSA tc eSa ;g ys[k fy[kus cSBk gwa v[kckj esa [kcj i<+ jgk gww fd jDlksy ¼iwohZ pEikj.k½ ds uxj ifj’kn~ ds dk;Zokgd v/;{k lksusykyizlkn rFkk Hkktik usrk dh xksyh ekjdj gR;k dj nh xbZ] cDlj esa eqQLlhy Fkkuk {ks= ds cukjiqjxkao esa 9 o’kZ dh Nk=k ds lkFk nq’deZ dj mldh gR;k dj nh xbZ] eksrhiqj] eqt¶Qjiqj esa Hkwfe fookn dks ysdj yyhrk nsoh dh gR;k dj nh xbZ gSa] eksgfu;k esa lxh cguks ds lkFk lkeqfgd nq’deZ dh [kcj v[kckjks esa Nih gSA uoknk esa xksyhckjh dh [kcj] lhrke<+h esa ,dlkFk 3 MkWDVjks rFkk uflZax gkse esa ce foLQksV dh [kcjs v[kckjks esa gSA ;kuh dkuwu O;oLFkk lq/kj xbZ gS ;g nkok fdlh Hkh fnu ds v[kckj Ik<+us ij [kks[kyk fn[kykbZ iM+rk gSA

     uhrh”k ljdkj dh ,d miyfC/k “kjkc xkao xkao rd igqapkus dh gSA ykywth us rkM+h fu”kqYd dh Fkh uhrh”kth ds jkt esa “kjkc fu”kqYd ugh arks gj txg vklkuh ls miyC/k djk nh xbZ gSA lekt dks u”kk[kksj cukus dk y{; lekt vkSj jktuhfr esa fod`fr iSnk djsxk ;g r; gS ysfdu “kk;n uhrh”k th fnYyh ds 12 oh rd ds Nk=ks esa 45 izfr”kr rd u”kk djus okys Nk=ks ds fjdkMZ dks fcgkj ds ukStokuks ds ek/;e ls rqM+okus esa vkeknk fn[kykbZ iM+rs gSA vf/kd ls vf/kd “kjkc cspdj VSDl bdV~Vk djus dh j.kuhfr D;k lgh ek;us esa fcgkj dk fodkl dj ldrh gS \ m/kj ykywth ukStokuks ds gkFk eas eksVj lkbZfdy Fkekus dk liuk fn[kk jgs gSA  

     ikVhZvksa ds chp mEehnokjks dh tcjnLr vYVk iYVh gqbZ gS viuh ikVhZ ls fVdV ugh feyk rks ftl ikVhZ us Hkh fn;k gS ml ikVhZ dk fVdV ys fy;k ugh arks funZyh; mEehnokj cu x,A ;g ns[kus esa gj fo/kkulHkk esa fn[kykbZ iM+rk gSA

     pquko vk;ksx dh /kkd fn[kykbZ iM+rh gSa mEehnokj NksVs eksVs [kpkZs esa fglkc nsus esa dfBukbZ;kW eglwl dj jgs gS ysfdu iSlk ckaVus dk dke tksjks ij gSA ,d le; Fkk tc dsoy vfrxjhc tkfr;ks ds eksgYys esa iSlk vkSj “kjkc cVk djrh FkhA vc fLFkfr cny xbZ gSa tks iDdk leFkZd ugh gSa pkgs fdlh Hkh tkfr dk D;ksa u gks mEehnokj ds lkFk fuxksfl;sV djuk pkgrk gS bldk eryc ;g ugha fd gj ernkrk Hkz’V gks x;k gSa rFkk iSlk ysdj gh oksV dj jgk gSA ysfdu oksVks ds Bsdsnkj lfdz; gSA gj lkeFkZ okyk mEehnokj mu Bsdsnkjks ds lkFk ckrphr dj mUgsa larq’V djus dks etcwj gSA bls Hkh fcgkj dh jktuhfr esa ,d cM+k varj ekuk tk,xkA igys vijkf/k;ks ds lkFk cqFk yqVus] cwFk Nkius ds Bsdks dks ysdj mEehnokj ckr djrs FksA vc os vijkf/k;ks ls ugha lQsniks”k tkfr;ks ds usrkvks ls oksVks dk lkSank djus yxs gSA

     tkfr ds vk/kkj ij lHkh ikVhZ;ks us fVdVks dk caVokjk fd;k gSA ;g ekudj fd ftl tkfr dk mEehnokj gksxk ml tkfr ds yksx vo”; gh viuh tkr okys mEehnokj dks oksV nsaxs ysfdu tc cgqla[;d vkcknh okyh tkfr ds dbZ mEehnokj [kM+s gq, gks rc tkfr ds vk/kkj dk QSlyk thr lqfuf”pr ugha djrk ;g ckr vyx gSa fd yxHkx lHkh tkfr;ks esa lkeFkZoku lRrk ds lkFk tqM+s viuh tkfr;ks ds usrkvksa dh iwN gksrh gSa rFkk dksbZ Hkh tkr dsoy bZekunkjh rFkk uhfr fl)kUr & fopkjoku gksus ds pyrs vius fdlh usrk dks lg;ksx ugh djrhA tkfr ds yksx ;g ns[krs gSa fd dkSu dke djk ldrk gSa rFkk dkSu eqlhcr esa enn dj ldrk gSa blh vk/kkj ij tkfr ds usrk dk dn rFkk tkfr dk leFkZu fuHkZj gksrk gSaA

     ftl rjg tkfr ds vk/kkj ij fVdV nsus esa lHkh eq[;/kkjk dh ikVhZ;k ,d jk; gS mlh rjg ifjokjokn vke lgefr dk eqn~nk cu x;k gSA Hkys gh uhrh”k dqekj us vius csVk] csVh ;k HkkbZ dks pquko eSanku esa u mrkjk gks rFkk nqljh vksj ykywth vkSj jkefoykl ikloku vius csVks dh ykfpax bl pquko esa fn[kykbZ iMrs gS ysfdu 243 fo/kkulHkk pquko {ks=ks esa ls yxHkx gj {ks= esa turk ny ;w lfgr lHkh ikVhZ;ks esa ifjokjokn fVdV nsrs le; eq[; vk/kkj fn[kykbZ iM+rk gSA

     xjhch dk eqn~nk chp chp eas mBrk jgrk gSa uhrh”kth dgrs fd fcgkj esa dkaxzsl us 40 lky jkt fd;k blds ckotwn 9 djksM+ esa ls 6 djksM+ vkcknh xjhc gS os dgrs gS fd dkaxzsl dks ;g crkuk pkfg, fd dkaxzsl us 40 lky esa fcgkj dk D;k fodkl fd;k\ uhrh”k dgrs gS fd fcgkj esa Ms<+ djksM+ ifjokj xjhch js[kk ds uhps jg jgs gSA tcfd dsUnz ljdkj dsoy 65 yk[k ifjokjks dks xjhch js[kk ds uhps ekurh gSA

 pquko ds nkSjku v[kckjks rFkk pSuyks esa iSdst pyuk dksbZ ubZ ckr ugh gSA pquko vk;ksx dks isMU;wt vkSj isMloZs{k.k ij jksd yxkuk pkfg,A ;g ekax ubZ ugh gS ysfdu ykstik ds usrk Jh jkefoykl ikloku us ;g ekax djrs gq, dgk gS fd esjs ikl ;fn 15 djksM+ gksrs rks loZs esa esjs 75 esa ls 72 fo/kk;d thr jgs gksrsA

fcgkj pquko esa iSdst ds eqrkfcd [kcjs foKkiu ds rkSj ij lHkh v[kckjks vkSj pSuyks esa ns[kh tk ldrh gSA ftrkm mEehnokjks dk vdsys foKkiuks dk [kpkZ yk[kks esa gSA

iwjs pquko esa lk/kughu mEehnokj iwjh rjg fujk”k ,oe~ vyx Fkyx fn[kykbZ iM+ jgs gS djksM+ifr mEehnokj Hkys gh oksV u ik, ysfdu pquko vfHk;ku esa etek tek, gq, gSA

eqt¶Qjiqj ds pquko izpkj B.Mk gh py jgk gS gkykfd uhrh”kth] ykywth]vMok.khth] jkgqy xka/kh] lHkk ysdj tk pqds gS eqt¶Qjiqj ds lkFk tktZ QukZfMl dk uke tqM+k gqvk gS ysfdu eqt¶Qjiqj esa tktZ QukZfMl dk dksbZ ipkZ] iksLVj esa QksVks utj ugha vkrkA yxrk gS turk ny ;w us tktZ QukZfMl dks oSls gh NksM+ pwdk gS tSls yksx viuh cq<+h xk; dks NksM+ nsrs gS ysfdu ernkrkvksa ds eu esa vHkh Hkh yxko ckdh gSA ;g ns[kus rc feyk tc Jh ykyd`’.k vMok.kh us tktZ QukZfMl ds uke dk ftdz vius Hkk’k.k esa fd;k vkSj Jksrk rkfy;k ctkus yxsA thrs th fdlh brus cMs+ dn ds usrk dk jktuhfrd iVy ls og Hkh vius gh {ks= esa uke feV tkuk lekt”kkL=h;ks ds fy, v/;;u dk fo’k; gSA

     fcgkj pquko esa u rks fdlh dh ygj fn[kykbZ iM+rh gS u rks dksbZ ,sls eqn~ns ftu ij fcgkj ds ernkrk QSlyk djus tk jgs gSA gkW bruk t:j dgk tk ldrk gS fd O;fDrxr Nfc ds ekin.M ij uhrh”k dqekj lcls vkxs py jgs gSA ysfdu dksbZ 243 esa ls ,d Hkh lhV ,slh ugh gSa ftl ij ,drjQ thr dk nkok dksbZ Hkh  ikVhZ dk mEehnokj dj ldsA fodkl dk nkok lHkh dk gSa ysfdu fdlh Hkh ikVhZ us vxys 5 lky ds fy, fcgkj ds fodkl ds fy, jksM+eSi lalk/kuks dks tqVkus dk vk/kkj crkrs gq, ernkrkvksa ds lkeus izLrqr ugh fd;k gSA vUrZjk’Vªh; Lrj ij 5 flrEcj 2000 dks 192 la;qDr jk’Vª ds lnL;ks ns”kks }kjk tks “krkCnh fodkl y{; xjhcks] Hkw[kejh] f”k{kk] ySfxad lekurk] f”k”kq ,oa ekr` e`R;q nj] ihus dk ikuh] “kkSpky; dks ysdj r; fd, x, FksA mudks iwjk djus ds y{; dh dksbZ ppkZ iwjs pquko esa dgha eqn~nk curh fn[kykbZ ugha iM+rh gSA igys pj.k ds pquko esa nqxkZ iwtk us pquko vfHk;ku dks ckf/kr fd;k ysfdu pqukoh ?keklku ls dgh Hkh /kkfeZd dk;Zdze izHkkfor gksrs fn[kykbZ ugha fn,A usrkvksa us /kkfeZd dk;Zdzeksa dk bLrseky pquko esa djus ds fy, dk;Zdzeksa ds fy, c<+ p<+dj vkfFkZd lalk/ku tqVk;sA pquko vfHk;ku ds lkFk lkFk [ksrhckMh dk dke Hkh tksjks ij gSA fdlku [kkn~ vkSj _.k u feyus ls ijs”kku gSA lhrke<+h esa fjxkphuh fey dks ysdj rFkk njHkaxk esa phuhfey dk eqn~nk chp chp eas mBrk fn[kykbZ iM+rk gSA ck<+ vkSj lq[kkM+ dks ysdj Hkk’k.k rks gS ysfdu bu eqn~nks dks pquko dk eq[; eqn~nk ugha dgk tk ldrkA pqukoks dks ;fn eqn~nkfoghu dgk tkuk vfrf”k;ksfDr ugha gksxhA

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       uhfr& fl)kUrks dks ysdj ugha nks usrkvks ds chp gks jgk gS fcgkj pquko**

                                                               & MkW0 lquhye~

fcgkj esa fo/kkulHkk pquko 6 pj.kks esa 243 lhVks ij gksus tk jgk gS igys pj.k dk izpkj izlkj “kq: gks pqdk gSA eq[; rkSj ij pquko orZeku eq[;ea=h ea=h turk ny ;w ds Jh furh”k dqekj rFkk iwoZ eq[;ea=h jk’Vªh; turk ny ds Jh ykyw ;kno ds chp gSA gkykfd ljdkj esa Hkktik “kkfey gS rFkk jk’Vªh; turk ny Hkh Jh jkefoykl ikloku dh yksdtu”kfDr ikVhZ ds lkFk feydj pquko eSnku esa gS ysfdu yxrk gS iwjk pquko nks O;fDr;ks ds chp gksus tk jgk gSA v[kckjks esa jkst nksuks ds chp Mk;ykxckth gksrh fn[kykbZ nsrh gSA furh”k th dgrs gS u MkW0 cnyks u nokbZ ykyq th dgrs gS fd jkcM+h th ukjh ugh fpuxkjh gSA

furh”k dqekj fiNyk pquko fcgkj dh cngkyh dks nwj djus ds eqn~ns ij thrs FksA cngkyh nwj gqbZ gS ;k ugh ;g cgl dk fo’k; gS ysfdu lHkh ;g ekurs gS fd lM+dks dh gkyr lq/kjh gSA dkuwu O;oLFkk dh fLFkfr csgrj gSA ysfdu Hkz’Vkpkj ds ekeys esa utnhdh eqdkcyk gSA gk ;g t:j gS fd igys dh ljdkj esa Hkz’Vkpkj dk dksbZ cM+k izdj.k dk dsUnz fcUnq eq[;ea=h dk;kZy; gksrk FkkA vc ;g fodsfUnzr gSA ykyq th [kqn jkt pyk, djrs Fks furh”k th vf/kdkfj;ks ds ek/;e ls jkt djrs gSA tgkW rd vijkf/k;ks dks laj{k.k nsus dk elyk gS fiNyh ljdkj esa [kqyk laj{k.k feyrk FkkA yksx vf/kd vlqjf{kr eglwl djrs FksA vc eq[;ea=h nkok djrs gS fd os 50 gWtkj vijkf/k;ks dks ltk fnyk pqds gSA ysfdu pquko utnhd vkus ds ckn eq[;ea=h us Hkh pquko esa vijkf/k;ks ds bLrseky ds fy, cMs cMks ls lEidZ cuk;k gSA

jksVh diM+k] edku] f”k{kk] LokLF;] fctyh]jkstxkj ;gk rd dh lkQ ihus ds ikuh rFkk “kkSpky; dh miyC/krrk vkfn eqn~nks ij vkjksi izR;kjksi dh fLFkfr gSA cgqr vUrj vke yksxks dks eglwl ugh gqvk gSA furh”k th fodkl dks eqn~nk cuk jgs gSA gj ljdkj tks dke djrh gS mlh dks fodkl dgrh gSA ogh dke furh”k th dj jgs gSA pquko esa fodkl ;fn eqn~nk gksrk rks pquko esssa nkosnkjh djus okyh ikVhZ;ka crykrh fd mudk fcgkj ds fodkl ds fy, D;k jksM+esQS ctV dh miyC/krk ds vk/kkj ij dkSulh ubZ ;kstuk,s pykdj ikVhZ ljdkj ij dkfct gksdj dksbZ ifjorZu tk jghA fcgkj ds csjktxkjks dks jkstxkj nsus ck<+ vkSj lq[kk<+ ls fcgkj dk uhtkn nsus ds fy, dksbZ Bksl ;kstuk fdlh Hkh ikVhZ;ks us ernkvksa ds le{k izLrqr ugha dh gSA

ernkrkvks ds chp ;g /kkj.kk Li’V fn[kykbZ iM+rh gS fd ykyq th us fiNM+ks] vYi la[;dks ds chp tkx:drk cM+s ij QSykus dk ,sfrgkfld dk;Z fd;k gSaA furh”k th dk vkjksi gSa fd mUgksaus fiNMs vkSj vfrfiNMs] nfyr vkSj egknfyr ds chp caVokjk dj ,dtqVrk dks rksM+k gSA fiNys pquko esa vxMh tkfr;ka ,dtqV gksdj furh”k HkkbZ dks leFkZu dj jgh Fkh ml rjg dk leFkZu ,d ne Li’V fn[kykbZ ugh iM+rkA nqljh rjQ ljdkj dk fojks/k Hkh Li’V ugh gSaA fcgkj esa ;knoks jkT; ljdkj ds deZpkjh fiNys 48 fnu ls gM+rky ij gSA 2 yk[k deZpkjh ;fn ljdkj ds f[kykQ ekgkSy fcxkMus dk eu cuk ys rks furh”k dh dfBukbZ;kW c<+uk r; gSA

ukekadu ds igys fVdVks d caVokjks dks ysdj tks gkykr ns[kh xbZ og orZeku jktuhfr dh nqnZ”kk dks c;ku djrs gSA cM+s iSekus ij fVfdV u feyus dh fLFkfr esa nycny gqvk gSA fVfdV caVokjs dk vk/kkj tkrh; lehdj.k jgk gSA ifjokjokn lHkh nyks ij gkoh fn[kykbZ iM+rk gSA fcgkj ds turk us tgkW dkaxszl ds izns”k v/;{k dks vius gh ikVhZ ds dk;ZdrkZvksa ls ihVrs ns[kk rFkk dk;ZdrkZvksa dks viuh ikVhZ dk dk;kZy; gh tykrs gq, ns[kk gSA ogkW Hkktik dk;kZy; ds ckgj Hkh dk;ZdrkZvks esa eq.Mu djkdj vius gh ikVhZ ds usrkvksa ds f[kykQ fcxqy Qqdk gSA mEehnokj pkgs dksbZ Hkh fdlh Hkh ikVhZ dh vksj ls jgk gks lHkh us uke vkSj jkf”k ds vk/kkj ij eqgqrZ fudkydj ukekadu fd;k gSA fiNys pquko esa [kjokl ds ckn cM+s cM+s usrkvksa us ukekadu i= Hkjk Fkk mlh dk bl ckj Hknzk rFkk ip[kk us ukekadu esa ck/kk iSnk dh gSA

fcgkj dk pquko QthZ ernku rFkk cqFk yqVus ds fy, tkuk ekuk tkrk gS pquko vk;ksx us dkQh dqN vadq”k yxkus dk dke rks fd;k gS ysfdu ;g ugh dgk tk ldrk gS fd pquko esa dgh ij fgalk ugh gksxhA lHkh ikVhZ;ks us tsyks ds vUnj vkSj ckgj jlwd j[kus okys vijkf/k;ks ls lEidZ cuk fy;k gSA ernku fnu ds fy, gfFk;kjks rFkk xksyk ck:n dh [kjhn Qjks[r tkjh gSA eSaus tktZ QukZfMl lkgc ds eqTtQjiqj rFkk ckdk ds pquko esa tcZjnLr fgalk ns[kh gSA bl ckj fcgkj tkus ij tc eSnkuh rF;ks dks tkuus dh dksf”k”k dh rks irk pyk dh ncko Mkydj ernkrkvks dks izHkkfor dj pquko thrus dh ekufldrk vHkh Hkh cuh gqbZ gSA gkykfd pquko esa tc fgalk dh ckr vkrh gS rc ekvksokfn;ks] uDlyokfn;ks dk uke fn;k tkrk gSA ysfdu bu laxBuks ds izHkko {ks= okys 48 pquko {ks=ks ds vykok blls de ls de nqxus pquko {ks= fgalkxzLr fn[kykbZ iMrs gSA

pquko turk ny ;w rFkk jk’Vªh; turk ny ds chp gS rkdr Hkktik] yksdtu”kfDRk ikVhZ] okeiaFkh;ks rFkk lektokfn;ks dh Hkh gS ysfdu fdlh dks Hkh rhljh rkdr dk ntkZ nsuk lEHko ugh gSA iznsa”k ds ernkrkvksa ds le{k dksbZ rhljk fodYi ;k ikVhZ ekStwn ugh gSaA tks nkok dj lds dsoy igyh vkSj nqljh ikVhZ dks iwjs izns”k esa VDdj nsus dh fLFkfr esa gSA vke /kkj.kk ;g gS fd Hkktik vkSj yksdtu”kfDr ikVhZ dh rkdr de gksus okyh gSA dkaxzsl nkos pkgs fdruh Hkh djs ysfdu mUgsa fodYi ds Lrj ij c<+r feyrh bl pquko ess fn[kykbZ ugha iM+rhA lektoknh ikVhZ Lora= :Ik ls pquko yM jgh gS ftlds ifj.kkeLo:Ik ikVhZ dk vk/kkj c<+uk rFkk lhVs c<+uk r; gSA

fcgkj pquko dh [kkfl;r ;g gS fd eq[; nkosnkj ikVhZ;k yksduk;d t;izdk”k ukjk;.k dk >.Mkcjnkj gksus dk nkok djrh gSA diwjhZ Bkdqj] dk uke Hkh lHkh ysrs gSA ysfdu T;knkrj lektokfn;ks us e/kq fyEk;s rFkk thrsth] Jh QukZfMl dh ppkZ ;nkdnk fn[kykbZ iMrh gSA pquko ds Bhd igys rd fnfXot;flag ,d cMh rkdr ds rkSj ij mHkjrs fn[kykbZ iM jgs FksA ijUrq vc muds {ks= ds vykok dgh mudh ppkZ fny[kkbZ ugha iMrhA lektoknh fl)kUr rFkk tsih ds fopkjks ij pquko esa dksbZ cgl gksrh fn[kykbZ ugh nsrhA lektoknh fl)kUr dh ifjf/k ls ckgj dksbZ fo’k; ugh gsa ns”k vkSj nqfu;k esa lektokfn;ks us f”k{kk] LokLF;] jkstxkj] dY;k.kdkjh jkT; ,oaa iapk;rh jkt] uxjh; iz”kklu] iqfyl ds <kWps] fdlkuks dh dtkZ eqfDr] xkao dh fLFkfr lq/kkjus ds mik;] Je dkuwuks ds ikyu efgykvks] vkfnokfl;ks] nfyrks] rFkk vYila[;dks dks fo”ks’k volj Hkwfe lsuk dks ysdj fofHkUu ekWMy rS;kj fd, gS ijUrq fofHkUu ekWMyks ij dksbZZ cgl fn[kykbZ ugha iMrhA cqf)thfo;ks }kjk fy[ks x, ys[kks ij fcgkj ds izeq[k usrk dHkh dgh fVIi.kh djrs fn[kykbZ ugh iMrsA

tSlk gj pquko esa gksrk gS ikVhZ;k ernkrkvks dks lius fn[kkdj Lof.kZe Hkfo’; lqfuf”r djus ds reke nkos djrh gSA vc rd xjhcks dks 2&3 :Ik;s fdyks ij vukt miyC/k djkus Nk=kvks dks lkbZfdy nsus] f”k{kk vkSj LokLF; dh ubZ ubZ yksdyqHkkou ;kstukvksa dks izLrqr fd;k tkrk gSA bl ckj ykyw th us ukStokuks dks eksVj lkbZfdy nsus dk ok;n fd;k gSA ;kuh eksVj lkbZfdy cukus okyh dEifu;ks dks cktkj nsus dh ?kks’k.kk dh iwjh nqfu;k esa lkbZfdyks dks c<+kok nsus dk dke Ik;kZoj.k dks iznwf’kr gksus ls cpkus rFkk LokLF; dks csgrj cukus dh n`f’V ls fd;k tk jgk gSA ykyw th ;qokvks dks jkstxkj dk ok;nk djus dh ctk; mUgsa [kkyh eksVj caVokdj oksV cVksjuk pkgrs gSA isVªksy csjkstxkj ukStoku dgk ls yk,xk blds ckjs esa dksbZ ppkZ ugh gsAthfodksitZu rFkk fcgkj ds uofuekZ.k esa ;qokvks dh Hkwfedk lqfuf”pr djus dh ctk; ykyw th ;qokvks dh ekSt eLrh dks viuh izkFkfedrk ds rkSj ij n”kkZ jgs gSA m/kj furh”k dg jgs gS fd os lcdks vukt dk bartke djsax]s fo|qr mRiknu esa jkT; dks vkRefuHkZj cuk nsaxs] fcgkj dks fodflr jkT; dh Js.kh esa ys vk,saxs ;g lc dSls gksxk bUgha ;kstukvksa dks ykxw djus ds fy, lalk/ku dgk ls vk,saxs bl ij os ekSu lk/ks gq, gSA

,d le; Fkk tc fcgkj esa Hkwfe dk caVokjk d`f’k lq/kkj] vkS|ksfxdj.k],oa ifjokjokn tSls eqn~ns pquko esa ,sgfe;r j[krs FksA vc bu eqn~nks dk ftdz ?kks’k.kk i= esa t:j fn[kykbZ iMrs gS ysfdu pquko esa ukWu b”;w cuk fn;s x;sA gj csjkstxkj dks jkstxkjh ;k csjkstxkjh HkRRkk] lHkh dks leku fu”kqYd vfuok;Z de ls de gk;j lsds.Mjh rd dh f”k{kk] fu”kqYd izkFkfed mipkj tSls eqn~ns pqukoh eqn~ns ugh gSA tkrhxr lehj.k ls gh pquko dk urhtk fudysxkA ;g loZ ekU; /kkj.kk vHkh Hkh lHkh usrkvks ds fnyks fnekx esa Nk;h gqbZ gSA

;g [kq”kh dh ckr gS fd pquko esa igys dh rqyuk esa vf/kd efgyk,s pquko yM+ jgh gSA ;g dguk dfBu gS fd igys ls vf/kd efgykk,s pquko thrsxhA efgykvks ds eqn~ns dgh Hkh pquko ds eqn~ns ugh gSA

N% pj.kks ds pquko ds pyrs ikVhZ;ks ds usrkvks dks izpkj izlkj djus dk dkQh le; feysxkA ysfdu NksVh ikVhZs ds fy, brus yEcs le; rd pquko izpkj djuk [kpZs dh n`f’V ls eqf”dy gksxk ernkrk pquko esa fdruh :fp ysxkA ;g vHkh ugh dgk tk ldrkA ijUrq lHkh tkurs gS fd orZeku ljdkj dk pquko 46-25 izfr”kr ernkrkvksa us fd;k FkkA fcgkj fo/kkulHkk pquko ds bfrgkl esa nks ckj lokZf/kd oksV iM+k 1990 esa 62-04 izfr”kr rFkk 1995 esa 61-79 izfr”kr vFkkZr oafpr oxZ tc pquko eSnku esa mrjs rc ernku izfr”kr cMkA ;g rks dgk gh tk ldrk gS fd bl ckj ernku 1990 ls vf/kd gks ;k u gks de ls 50 izfr”kr ls vf/kd t:j gksxkA

fcgkj pquko ds urhts turk ny ;w] jk’Vªh; turk ny] yksdtu”kfDr ikVhZ ds Hkfo’; dks r; djsaxs gh O;fDrxr rkSj ij uhfr”k dqekj] ykyw ;kno rFkk jkefoykl ikloku dk Hkfo’; Hkh r; gksxkA ;fn uhfra”k dqekj iqu% lRRk lEHkkyrs gSa rks blls ,uMh, dks etcwrh feysxh ;fn ckth iyVrh gSa] ftldh lEHkouk cgqr de gS rks ,uMh, detksj gksxkA fcgkj esa dkaxzsl ds ikl [kksus dks dqN ugh gS tks dqN Hkh feysxk og dkaxzsl dk cgqr vf/kd ugh rks dqN gkSlyk c<kus okyk t:j gksxkA

                                                       MkW0 lquhye~] iwoZ fo/kk;d

                                 dYiuk uxj ,&7 lgdkjh ifjlj] fiiykuh] Hkksiky] e0iz0

      eksck 9425109770

HMS KE SAMAKSH CHUNAUTIYAN

**fgUn etnwj lHkk ds le{k pqukSfr;k**

&Mk0 lquhye~

fgUn etnwj fdlku iapk;r dk 23 vDVwcj 2010 dks eqEcbZ ds dkexkj dzhMk eSnku] ,yfQLVu eSanku esa fgUn etnwj lHkk esa foy; gks x;kA foy; ds ckn fgUn etnwj lHkk 80 yk[k dkexkjks dk izfrfuf/kRo djus okyh ;wfu;u cu x;h gSA tks ns”k dh ch,e,l rFkk baVd ds ckn rhljs uEcj dh lcls cM+h ;wfu;u gksxhA lEehfydj.k ifj’kn 15 gtkj etnwjks rFkk lektoknh fpUrd lqjsUnz eksgu] lokZsPp U;k;ky; ds iwoZ eq[; U;k;k/kh”k Jh jktsUnz lPpj] vkbZVh;wlh ds egkea=h ,u-lqtwdh] dsUnzh; ea=h “kjn iaokj lfgr nksuks laxBuks ds lHkh izeq[k usrkvks dh mifLFkfr esa gqbZA foy; lEesayu ds nkSjku eqEcbZ ?kks’k.kk tkjh dh xbZA ?kks’k.kk esa fgUn etnwj fdlku iapk;r }kjk 1948 esa t;izdk”k ukjk;.k] vkj-,l- :bZdj] v”kksd esgrk] euhcsu dkjk] ihOgh dkfuZd ,oa ihMs] esyks }kjk xfBr fgUn etnwj lHkk esa foy; dk Lokxr fd;kA ?kks’k.kk esa dgk x;k gS fd nksuks laxBuks us yksdrkaf=d lektokn dh LFkkiuk ds mn~ns”; ls foy; dk QSlyk fd;k gSA iwath”kkgh vkSj ljdkj }kjk Jfed oxZ ds f[kykQ cukbZ tk jgh uhfr;ksa dk eqdkcyk djus ds fy, bl ,drk dks vko”;d ekuk x;k gSA [kkn~; oLrqvks dh c<+rh dherks] c<+rh csjkstxkjh] rFkk Jfed oxZ dh dher ij iwathifr rcds dks NwV nsus dh uhfr ds pyrs vke vkneh ij iM+us okys cks> fo”ks’k rkSj ij vlaxfBr {ks= ds dkexkjksa ij iM+ jgs ncko rFkk ljdkj dh neudkjh uhfr;ks ls fuiVus ds fy, ,dtqVrk t:jh ekuk x;k gSA lEesayu esa mifLFkr dkexkjks us yksdra= dh tM+ks dks xgjk djus] Jfed oxZ ds oS/kkfud vf/kdjks dks gkfly dj “kks’k.kjfgr U;k;iw.kZ lekt cukus ds fy, la?k’kZ djus dk ladYi fy;kA lEesayu esa “kjnjko dks v/;{k rFkk mejkoey ijksfgr dks egkea=h pquk x;kA

fgUn etnwj lHkk dk xkSjo”kkyh bfrgkl gSA fgUn etnwj lHkk ds usrk “kq: eas vkWy bf.M;k VªsM ;qfu;u dkaxszsl ¼,Vd½ ds lkFk tqM+s gq, Fks ftldk xBu 1920 esa gqvk FkkA ,Vd ds igys v/;{k 1920 eas ykyk yktirjk; cus FksA ,Vd ds lkFk 64 ;wfu;u lEcU/k Fkh rFkk lnL; l[a;k 1]40]854 FkhA 1929 esa ,Vd ds vf/kos”ku esa Jh tokgjyky usg: dh v/;{krk ds ckotwn vUrZjk’Vªh; Lrj ij dE;qfuLVks ds lkFk tqM+us dk fu.kZ; fy;k x;kA 1931 esa dE;qfuLVks us viuk vyx laxBu jsM VªsM ;wfu;u xfBr fd;k ysfdu vaxzstks }kjk bl laxBu ij jksd yxk, tkus ds ckn fQj dE;qfuLV ,Vd esa “kkfey gks x;sA 1 uoEcj 1934 dks dkaxzsl lks”kfyLV ikVhZ ds usrk t;izdk”k ukjk;.k ehuq elkuh vkSj ,Vd ds gfjukFk “kkL=h] f”koukFk csuthZ] ds chp ,d le>kSrk gqvkA ftlesa ;g r; gqvk fd ,Vd vkSj dkaxzsl lks”kfyLV ikVhZ lkEkzT; fojks/kh xqB ds rkSj ij ,d nqljs dks enn djsaxs rFkk dkaxzsl lks”kfyLV ikVhZ ds usrkvksa }kjk tks Hkh ;wfu;u xfBr dh tk;sxh mUgas ,Vd ls lEc) djk;k tk;sxkA lkFk gh ,Vd esa dkaxzsl lks”kfyLV ikVhZ ds lnL;ksa dks dke djus ds volj iznku fd, tk;sxsaA ;g Hkh r; gqvk fd dkaxzsl lks”kfyLV ikVhZ rFkk dkaxzsl ds ckgj dke djus okyh lks”kfyLV ikVhZ feydj ofdZax Dykl ikVhZ dk xBu djus ij fopkj djsxhA fnlEcj 1934 esa ,d vkSj le>kSrk gqvk ftlesa nksuks laxBuks }kjk feydj ns”kHkj esa dk;Zdze djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k x;kA

vktknh feyus&dkaxzsl ljdkj xfBr gksus ds ckn ls gh ljnkj iVsy u, etnwj laxBu cukus ds i{k esa Fks] 3 ebZ 1947 dks bafM;u us”kuy VsªM ;wfu;u dk xBu gqvk ftldh lnL; la[;k 5]75]000 FkhA

      24 ebZ 1947 dks MkW0 jkeeuksgj yksfg;k us ubZ VsªM ;wfu;u dkaxzsl cukus dk lq>ko j[kk FkkA tks fd dE;qfuLVks ls vyx gksA mUgksaus dgk fd ubZ Vh;wlh ljdkj ds gfFk;kj u cu tk, blds ckjs esa dbZ “kadk, gSA ysfdu fons”kh gkFkks esa [ksyus okys jk’Vªª fgrks ds f[kykQ esgurd”k oxZ dk ,d laxBu cukuk t:jh gSA mUgksaus dgk fd bldk edln csjkstxkjh [kRe djus] vPNs vkokl vkSj lEekutud thou;ksX; etnwjh fnykuk gksuk pkfg,A mUgksaus ;g Hkh lq>ko fn;k Fkk fd dksbZ Hkh etnwj usrk laln ds fy, pquk tk, rc mls ;wfu;u dk inkf/kdkjh ugha jguk pkfg, rFkk fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks 2 ls vf/kd laxBuks dk inkf/kdkjh ugha gksuk pkfg,A mUgksaus etnwjks ds jktuhfrd f”k{k.k ds fy, “kks/k foHkkx cukus dk lq>ko Hkh fn;k FkkA

1948 esa lks”kfyLV ikVhZ dh NBh dkWQzsal tks 19 ls 21 ekpZ 1948 ds chp gqbZ Fkh] esa egkea=h dh fjiksZV esa dgk x;k fd ,vkbZVh;wlh dks etnwjks ds dsUnzh; laxBuks ds rkSj ij dke djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k x;k rFkk ,vkbZVh;wlh us lks”kfyLV ikVhZ dks Jfed oxZ ds jktuhfrd ny dks leFkZu djus dk fu.kZ; fy;kA baVd ds ladhZ.krkoknh rFkk vf/kuk;drkoknh rkSj rjhdks ds pyrs lektokfn;ks dks vyx etnwj laxBu cukus dh vko”;drk eglwl  1942 ds vkUnksyu ds nkSjku baVd esa dke djus okys lektoknh usrkvksa ¼etnwj usrkvks½s dh fxj¶rkjh ds ckn dE;qfuLV usrkvksa us dCtk dj fy;k x;k rFkk ,Vd dE;eqfuLVks ds gkFk esa pyh xbZA blds pyrs etcwju lektokfn;ks dks viuk etnwj laxBu cukuk iM+kA

      gkykafd 1948 esa gq, NBs lEesayu esa egkea=h }kjk baVd ds ladhZ.krkoknh ,oa vf/kuk;drkoknh rkSj rjhdks ds dkj.k ckdh vU; laxBuks dks feydj etnwj dk ,d l”kDr laxBu cukus dh t:jr crykbZ xbZA baVd dk ljdkj ds lkFk [kMs+ gks tkuk rFkk gM+rkyks dk fojks/k djuk vyx etnwj laxBu cukus dk Hkh ,d dkj.k jgkA ;gk ,d rjQ ,Vd dE;qfuLVks dk laxBuks rFkk nqljh rjQ dkaxzsl& ljdkj dk laxBu baVd cu tkus ds ckn lektokfn;ks us fgUn etnwj iapk;r xBhr djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k x;kA QkjoMZ Cykd rFkk ,e,u jk; ds etnwj laxBuks us feydj fgUn etnwj lHkk dk xBu fd;kA

      Jh t;izdk”k ukjk;.k us lks”kfyLV ikVhZ ds vkBos vf/kos”ku dks enzkl ¼8 ls 12 tqykbZ 1950½ esa egkea=h ds rkSj ij dgk fd eqnzkLQhfr fojks/kh lEesayu rFkk etnwjh ds fxjus dks ysdj cEcbZ esa tks lEesayu cqyk;k Fkk mlh esa fgUn etnwj lHkk xfBr dh xbZA lEesayu esa laxBukRed jiV lglfpo Jh e/kq fye;s }kjk is”k dh xbZ ftlesa ;g dgk x;k fd fgUn etnwj lHkk dh lnL;rk 7]21]592 gSA

      1958 esa tc iztk lks”kfyLV ikVhZ dk foHkktu gqvk rFkk 1955 esa MkW0 jkeeuksgj yksfg;k us lks”kfyLV ikVhZ dk xBu fd;k rc Jh tktZ QukZfMl rFkk Jh e/kq fye;s ds usr`Ro esa fgUn etnwj iapk;r dk xBu fd;k x;kA ysfdu 1977 esa t;iqj vf/kos”ku eas fgUn etnwj lHkk esa foy; djus dk QSlyk fd;kA 

Qjojh 1979 esa fgUn etnwj iapk;r us fgUn etnwj lHkk ds lkFk foy; eqEcbZ esa fd;k foy; lEesayu dk mn~?kkVu Jh tktZ QukZfMl us fd;kA mUgksaus dgk fd ;g QSlyk blfy;s fd;k tk jgk rkfd yksdrkaf=d lektoknh etnwj vkUnksyu dks ,dtwV fd;k tk ldsA dqN gh o’kkZs esa Jh tktZ QukZfMl dks eglwl gksus yxk fd foy; ds ckn fgUn etnwj lHkk dks ftl rjg ns”k ds etnwjks ds le{k eqn~nks ij la?k’kZ djuk pkfg, FkkA og ugh dj jgh gS fo”ks’k rkSj ij us”kuy flD;ksjVh ,DV] ,”ksaufl;y lfoZlsl eSUVsusl ,DV bUMLVªh;y fMLi;wV vesaMesaV ,DV tSls etnwjks ds vf/kdkjks ij dqBkjk?kkr djus okys dkuwuks ds f[kykQ la?k’kZ ugha fd;kA mUgsa yxrk Fkk fd eqcabZ ds VsDlVkbZM  etnwjks us tks vkUnksyu fd;k mls Hkh izHkko”khy rjhds ls leFkZu djus dk dke ugha fd;k x;kA ,slh fLFkfr esa vgenkckn esa 19]20 flrEcj 1982 dks ,p0,e0ih0 ds lkFk tqM+s etnwj laxBuksa us fgUn etnwj iapk;r dks iquZxfBr djus dk QSlyk fd;kA vkSipkfjd rkSj ij 18]19 vDVwcaj 1982 dks iVuk ds Jhd`’.kk eseksfj;y gky esa 11 jkT;ks ds 650 izfrfuf/k;ks }kjk fgUn etnwj iapk;r dks iquZxfBr fd;kA ftldk v/;{k tktZ QukZfMl] egkea=h ;qlwQ csx cuk, x,A

      1983 ls ysdj vc rd fgUn etnwj fdlku iapk;r yxkrkj dke djrh jghA Jh tktZ QukZfMl ds ,uMh, esa “kkfey gksus ds ckn fgUn fdlku etnwj fdlku iapk;r ds etnwj usrkvks us feydj Jh tktZ QukZfMl dks laxBu ls i`Fkd djus dk QSlyk vgenkckn lEeasyu es 2003 esa fd;k ftlesa ykypUn esgrks v/;{k pqus x;sA <kbZ lky dh ppkZ ds ckn fgUn etnwj fdlku iapk;r dk fgUn etnwj lHkk esa 23 vDVwcaj 2010 dks foy; gvkA mEehn dh tkuh pkfg, fd jktuhfrd dkj.kks ls fQj ls fgUn etnwj lHkk esa dksbZ foHkktu ugha gksxk rFkk tks ,dtqVrk&/kqzohdj.k dh izfdz;k “kq: gqbZ gS og yxkrkj c<+rh tk;sxhA mYys[kuh; gS fd fgUn etnwj fdlku iapk;r ds igys ,p,e,l rFkk ,Vd ds foy; dh izfdz;k xaHkhjrkiwoZd pyh Fkh rFkk ,p,edsih ds lkFk Vh;wlhlh ds foy; dh izfdz;k Hkh ppkZ esa FkhA 

fgUn etnwj lHkk us ns”kHkj esa u;h mEehns iSnk dh gSA ;g foy; ml le; gqvk gS tc etnwj vkUnksyu ds izfr ljdkjks dk joS;k neukREkd rFkk vke yksxks dk joS;k vR;ar udkjkRed gSA etnwj vkUnksyu ladV esa gS HkVd x;k gS] ,d le; esa tks etnwj dzkafr ds okgd dgykrs Fks os vkt egxkabZ HkRrk] cksul ,oa vU; lqfo/kk,s ikus dks gh etnwj vkUnkssyu dk mn~ns”; ekuus yxs gSA laxfBr {ks= dk etnwj vlaxfBr {ks=ks ds etnwjks ds fy, “kks’kd oxZ dh Js.kh esa vk x;k gSA etnwjks ds usr`Ro esa loZgkjk dh dzkafr dk liuk Hkh vc lekIr gksus yxk gSA

      bl rjg dh reke fVIif.k;k viuh futh oDrO;ksa esa etnwj usrk nch tqcku ls cM+h la[;k esa djrs fn[kykbZ nsus yxs gSA etnwj vkUnksyu ds fojks/kh rks lnk ;g dgrs gh jgs gSA

      D;k fgUn etnwj fdlku iapk;r ds fgUn etnwj lHkk esa foy; ds ckn bl ifjfLFkfr esa dksbZ vUrj vkus okyk gS\D;k ubZ rkdr ,oa ÅtkZ ik ysus ds ckn fgUn etnwj lHkk etnwj vkUnksyu dks pqLr nq:Lr dj cM+s la?k’kZ esa mrkj ldsxh \fgUn etnwj lHkk dk usr`Ro D;k lektoknh vkUnksyu dks jk’Vªh; Lrj ij laxfBr djus dh ftEesankjh ysxk\ D;k fgUn etnwj lHkk vkus okys 50 o’kkZs ds fy, u;k etnwj usr`Ro&u;k lektoknh usr`Ro [kM+k dj ik;sxh\ bu lc laokyks ij fgUn etnwj lHkk ds usr`Ro dks lkspuk pkfg,A

      ,p,e,l dk usr`Ro ekurk gS fd oS”ohdj.k ,d cM+h pqukSrh gS rks D;k oS”ohdj.k dks jksdus ;kuh Mh XykscykbZts”ku&Mh ekdZsVkbZts”ku ;k ;g dgk tk; fd cktkj ij vadq”k yxkus dh pqukSrh ,p,e,l usr`Ro Lohdkj djsaxk\ D;k blds fy, dksbZ Bksl dk;Zdze cuk;k tk;sxk\

      jkT; ¼LVsV½ ls mEehn dh tkrh Fkh fd og etnwjks dks laj{k.k nsxkA ysfdu oS”ohdj.k] cktkjhdj.k ds nkSj us bl mEehn dks /kkjk”kkgh dj fn;kA jkT; vc dEifu;ks dks izksRlkgu nsus okys ra= ds rkSj ij fn[kykbZ iM+rk gSA tks dEifu;ks dks ywVus dk gj Lrj ij volj nsus dk bartke djrk gSA D;k ,p,e,l jkT; ds dY;k.kdkjh Lo:Ik dks okil ykus ds fy, la?k’kZ dk dksbZ Bksl ;kstuk cuk,xk \

      etnwj vkUnksyu ds le{k cM+k iz”u Ik;kZoj.k cpkus dk gSA ftlds lkFk ekuork dk vfLrRo tqM+k gqvk gSA vHkh rd Hkkjrh; etnwj vkUnksyu us Ik;kZoj.k rFkk iznw’k.k ds eqn~ns dks vge eqn~nk ugha ekuk gSA dkj[kkuks ds }kjk QSyk;s tkus okys iznw’k.k ls ihfM+r fdlku rFkk xzkeh.k rks bl eqn~ns ij la?k’kZ djrs ns[ks tkrs gSA ysfdu VsªM ;wfu;u blesa cgqr de :fp ysrh gSA iznw’k.k rFkk Ik;kZoj.k ds lEcU/k rduhd ls gSA Dyhu VsDukykWth]Ik;kZoj.keq[kh rduhd dks bLrseky dkj[kkus esa gks ;g vke rkSj ij etnwj laxBu dh :fp dk fo’k; ugha jgk gSA D;k ,p,e,l usr`Ro bl fn”kk eas dke djsxk\ etnwjks esa Ik;kZoj.k iznw’k.k ds eqn~ns dks ysdj tkx:drk ,oa laosnu”khyrk iSnkdj gh bl fn”kk esa c<+uk lEHko gS D;k ,p,e,l etnwjks dks fn, tkus okys izf”k{k.k ds nkSjku bl fo’k; dks mruk egRo nsuk “kq: djsxhA ftruh dh bls t:jr gSA Xykscy okfeZax] vks>ksu ys;j fMIyh”ku tSls eqn~nks dk lEcU/k miHkksxoknh i)fr ls gSA vf/kd ls vf/kd miHkksx] vf/kd ls vf/kd lqfo/kk ikus dh ykylk gol dk :Ik ys pqdh gSA tks izkd`frd lalk/kuks va/kk/kqa/k nksgu dk dkj.k gSA lknxh gh bldk rksM+ gSA D;k ,p,e,l thoun`f’V cnyus dh vko”;drk dks Lohdkj dj vkxs c<+us dks rS;kj gksxh\

      laxfBr {ks= ds etnwj vlaxfBr {ks= ds etnwjks ds i{k eas dHkh vkUnksyu djrs fn[kykbZ ugha nsrs gSA Hkys gh nqfu;k ds etnwjks ,d gks] ukjk yxk;k tkrk gks ysfdu vkerkSj ij fuekZ.k etnwjks] gEekyks] Bsyk] xqeBh okyks lQkbZ dkexkjks] [ksfrgj] etnwjks] efgyk etnwjks ds la?k’kkZs esa laxfBr {ks= ds laxBuks dks :fp ysrs gq, ughs ns[kk tkrk gSA ;g n`f’Vdks.k vkSj le> dk loky gS tks lh/ks lh/ks oSpkfjd izfrc)rrk ds lkFk tqM+k gqvk gSA ewy fo’k; ;g gS fd ftl vk/kkj ij laxfBr {ks= ds etnwjks dks osru fn;k tkrk gS ;kuh ,d O;fDr dek, vkSj iwjk ?kj [kk, rFkk c<+rh egxkabZ ds lkFk egxkabZ HkRrk c<+rk tk,A cksul] vksOgjVkbZe] NqfV~V;k rFkk LokLF; lsok,as Hkh feysA lektoknh isfjVh vkWQ osts”k ckr djrs jgs gS rFkk isfjVh vkWQ izkbZts”k dh ckr Hkh gksrh jgh gSA ysfdu nksuks fopkjks dks D;k laxfBr {ks= dk etnwj vkUnksyu vius eqn~ns ekudj orZeku HksnHkkoiw.kZ uhfr dks lekIr djkus ds fy, dksbZ la?k’kZ djus dks rS;kj gksxk ftldk tokc ,p,e,l usr`Ro dks nsuk gksxkA fdlku vkSj vlaxfBr {ks= ds etnwjks lfgr ds fy, ;g lcls egRoiw.kZ eqn~nk gS fd ftl vk/kkj ij laxfBr {ks= ds etnwj dk osru r; gksrk gS ogh vk/kkj fdlkuks dk leFkZu ewY; r; djrs le; rFkk vlaxfBr {ks= dh etnwjh r; djrs le; ykxw fd;k tk;A

      u”kk[kksjh dk loky uSfrd ewY;ksa dk iru ds lkFk lkFk LokLF; laca/kh leL;kvks] ?kjsyw fgalk] dkuwu O;oLFkk dh fcxM+rh fLFkfr ds lkFk tqM+k gqvk gSA u”kk[kksjh ij jksd&“kjkcanh] dks ysdj ,d le; “kadj xqgk fu;ksxh us vius ;wfu;u dh rjQ ls tcjnLr vfHk;ku pyk;k FkkA “kjkc cukus okyh dEiuh vkSj Bsdsnkjks us mudh gR;k djkbZA D;k fgUn etnwj lHkk dk usr`Ro u”kkcanh vkUnksyu dks etnwj vkUnksyu dk izeq[k eqn~nk cuk ik,sxk\ “kjkc ls lcls T;knk izHkkfor “kjkc ihus okys dk ?kj ifjokj gksrk gS bl dkj.k ;wfu;u dks dsoy dk;ZLFky ij lhfer u jgdj dkexkj ds ?kj rd igqapuk gksxkA

      yksdrkaf=d vf/kdkjks dh j{kk ;qfu;uks ds fy, gj le; ,d cM+k eqn~nk jgk gSA ljdkjks esa lnk etnwj vkUnksyuks dks dqpyus ds fy, neudkjh rjhdks dkuwuks dk bLrseky fd;k gSA fQygky rks fLFkfr cnrj gks xbZ gS ljdkj Je dkuwuks dk ikyu djkuk Hkh viuh ftEesankjh ugha eku jgh gSA u, ,lhtsM {ks= esa ljdkjs ckdk;nk dEifu;ks dk ,ts.V cudj ;wfu;uks ds xBu ij v?kksf’kr jksd yxkus dk dke dj jgh gSA Je foHkkx dks yxkrkj detksj djrs gq, Je dkuwuks dks /krk fn[kkus dk dke ljdkjks }kjk fd;k tk jgk gSA fgUn etnwj lHkk Je dkuwuks ds ikyu ds fy, yxkrkj la?k’kZjr jgh gSA vc lSdM+ks o’kkZs ds la?k’kZ ds ckn etnwjks }kjk gkfly fd, x, vf/kdkjks dks cpk, j[kus dh eq[; pqukSrh fgUn etnwj ds lkeus gSA ysfdu D;k etnwj laxBu dsoy vius dk;Z{ks= rd gh lhfer jgsaxs ;k iwjs ns”k esa yksdra= dks cpkus rFkk etcwrh nsus ds fy, dke djsaxs\ D;k ,p,e,p dks d”ehj rFkk ef.kiqj esa ykxw vkElZ QkslZ Lis”ky ikolZ ,DV dks [kRe dju ds fy, yM+kbZ ugha yM+us ds fy, rS;kj gksxhA

      ns”k ds lkeus ladh.kZrkokfn;ks rFkk lkEiaznk;okfn;ks dk QSyko QkflLV Lo:Ik ysrk tk jgk gSaA etnwjks ds chp lkEiznkf;d laxBu bruh iSB dj pqds gS fd Hkkjrh; etnwj la?k tks fd vkj,l,l }kjk lapkfyr etnwj laxBu gSA ns”k dk lcls cM+k laxBu cu pqdk gSA 1920 esa cuh ,Vd rFkk 1948 esa cuh fgUn etnwj lHkk rFkk baVd ;fn 23 tqykbZ ls 1955 esa cuh Hkkjrh; etnwj la?k ls ihNs gSA ;g crkrk gS fd lkEiaznkf;drk etnwj vkUnksyu esa Hkh Nk;h gqbZ gSA bl ij vadq”k yxkuk] vFkkZr Hkkjrh; etnwj la?k ij vadq”k yxkuk ,d cM+h pqukSrh gSA

      okeiaFkh] lektoknh fopkj ls tqMs+ etnwj laxBuks ds fy, ;g lcls vge pqukSrh gSA fgUn etnwj lHkk] vkSj ,Vd ,oa vU; okeiaFkh ;qfu;uks ds chp lkEiznkf;d ch,e,l dks jksdus dh dksbZ j.kuhfr cuuh gh pkfg,A bl fn”kk esa ,p,e,l dk usr`Ro yxkrkj igy djrk jgk gSA ns[kuk gS fd ;g igy dc dke;kc gksrh gSA foy; ds ek/;e ls ,p,e,l us vU; laxBuks ds le{k mnkgj.k is”k fd;k gSA

      foy; lEesayu esa fgUn etnwj lHkk dks ns”k dk uEcj ,d laxBu cukus dk ladYi fy;k x;k gSA ysfdu ;g ladYi D;k dsoy D;k la[;k cy gkfly djus rd lhefr jgsxk ;k lektokn ds fopkj dks ns”k esa LFkkfir djus rFkk ns”k es lerk vkSj le`f) ykuk bldk mn~ns”; gksxkA ;g ,d egRoiw.kZ rF; gS fd fgUn etnwj dHkh Hkh fdlh jktuhfrd ny ds lkFk lEc) ugha jgh gS rFkk ns”kHkj esa lfdz; lektoknh ikVhZ;ks ds lkFk ,p,e,l foy; lEesayu ds ckn Hkh dksbZ lEc)rrk ugha j[kus okyh gSA

      fgUn etnwj lHkk ds xBu ls ysdj vkt rd mldk usr`Ro lektoknh jgkA tsih]v”kksd esgrk ds ckn e/kq n.Mors ,oa lqjsUnz eksgu us yEcs le; rd ,p,e,l dks jktuhfrd usr`Ro iznku fd;kA fgUn etnwj iapk;r dks jktuhfrd usr`Ro MkW0 jkeeuksgj yksfg;k ls ysdj tktZ QukZfMl] e/kq fye;s us fn;kA ysfdu 2003 ds ckn “kjn iokj fgUn etnwj fdlku iapk;r ds jktuhfrd laj{kd cu x,A fgUn etnwj lHkk ds usr`Ro dks vc ;g r; djuk gksxk fd bUgsa lektoknh jktuhfrd usr`Ro dh t:jr gS ;k os lRrk ds lkFk feydj VªsM ;wfu;u pykuk pkgrs gSA gkykafd fgUn etnwj lHkk dks lektoknh fopkj ds lHkh nyks dk lg;ksx feyrk jgk gS rFkk mlus dHkh Hkh ”kh’kZ ij dkaxzsl ;k jk’Vªoknh dkaxzsl ds usr`Ro dks ,p,e,l ds usr`Ro esa txg ugha nh gSA

      “kjn iaokj egkjk’Vª ds lektokfn;ks ds lnk utnhd jgs gS mlh dk ifj.kke jgk fd os fgUn etnwj fdlku iapk;r ds jktuhfrd laj{kd cu x,A ysfdu ns”k esa ;fn lektoknh vkUnksyu dks ns”k ds Lrj ij etcwrh nsuk gks rks “kjn iaokj ds usr`Ro esa ;g lEHko ugha gSA “kjn iaokj ns”k esa iwathokfn;ks ,oa cgqjk’Vªh; dEifu;ks ds ;kuh dkikZsjsV ds izfrfuf/k ekus tkrs gSA d`f’k {ks= esa vkS|ksfxd [ksrh rFkk thu la”kksf/kr chtks ,oa [kk| inkFkkZs],lbtsM+ dks c<+kok nsus esa “kjn iaokj dh eq[; Hkwfedk gSA gks ldrk gS foy; ds iwoZ fgefdi usr`Ro dh viuh dqN jktuhfrd etcwfj;k jgh gksA ysfdu mu etcwfj;ks dks etnwj vkUnksyu dh etcwjh ugha cuk;k tkuk pkfg,A ;g lgh gS fd lEesayu dk mn~?kkVu ;k lekiu djus ls usr`Ro fdlh ds gkFk ugha pyk tkrkA ;g Hkh lgh gS fd jkste;kZ ds dkeks ds fy, ljdkj ds eaf=;ks ds t:jr iM+rh gS ysfdu blds ckotwn etnwjks ds chp Hkze dh fLFkfr u cus rFkk usr`Ro ljdkj ds lkFk le>kSrkoknh joS;k viuk jgk gS ;g lksp u cus blds fy, t:jh gS fd fgUn etnwj lHkk lektoknh ikVhZ;ks ds usr`Ro dks vkxs j[ks tSlk ,p,e,l yxkrkj djrh jgh gSA

fgUn etnwj lHkk dks viuh oSpkfjd izfrc)rrk dks iSuk djus ds fy, rFkk laxBu ds foLrkj ds fy, ;qok efgykvksa vYila[;dks nfyr rFkk fiNMs oxZ ds usr`Ro dks vkxs c<+kus dh t:jr gksxhA

ns”k esa reke lektoknh fopkj dh ikVhZ;k dke dj jgh gSA ysfdu fdlh Hkh ikVhZ ds }kjk i<+k fy[kk izfrc) oSpkfjd dk;ZdrkZ rS;kj djus dk dksbZ ra= ugha gS ;fn lektoknh vkUnksyu dks ns”k esa iquZLFkkfir djuk fgUn etnwj lHkk viuk mn~ns”; ekurh gS rks mls cM+s iSekus ij lektoknh dSMj dks rS;kj djus dh ftEesankjh vius gkFk esa ysuh gksxhA ;wfu;u esa inkf/kdkjh cuus rFkk izns”k vkSj ns”k ds Lrj ij usr`Ro djus dk vk/kkj tc lektoknh izf”k{k.k f”kfojks ls tksM+ fn;k tk;sxk rHkh lektoknh vkUnksyu etcwr gksxkA ,p,e,l dks cM+s iSekus ij iw.kZdkfyd dk;ZdrkZ fudkydj ;kstukc) rjhds ls lektoknh vkUnksyu dks iq[rk rkSj ij [kMs djus dh ftEesankjh ysuh gksxhA mEehn djuh pkfg, dh fgUn etnwj lHkk dk fnYyh esa viuk Hkou cu tkus ds ckn dsUnzh; dk;kZy; ls ;g dke tksj “kksj ls ns”kHkj esa “kq: gks ldsxkA  

                                                     

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